General Science Chemistry MCQs
Chemistry Objective (Multiple Choice) General Knowledge Questions & Answers for SSC-CGL, UPPSC, UPSC, NDA, CDS and UPSC Civil Services Prelims Examination
11. With reference to the nuclear fuels, how the Fissile material is different from the Fertile material?
1. While Fissile material undergoes nuclear fission, Fertile material undergoes nuclear fusion
2. While Fissile material can be directly used, Fertile material can not be used directly in nuclear reactors
Choose the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 is correct
[B] Only 2 is correct
[C] Both 1 & 2 are correct
[D] Neither 1 nor 2 is correct
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [ Only 2 is correct]
Notes:
The fissile material is the one which undergoes nuclear fission (splitting of atom) upon bombardment by slow/fast neutrons. The fissile materials used are Uranium 235, Plutonium239 and Uranium233. (India is the only country in the world to use U 233 fuel, used in Purnima & Kamini Reactors. Fertile material is the one which by itself is not fissionable but will capture the neutron and will get converted to a fissile material. Examples are Uranium 238 becoming Plutonium 239. Thorium 232 becoming Uranium 233 etc.
12. Which of the following chemicals being used as major ingredients of Bakery Industry in India, are said to cause cancer?
- Potassium bromate
- Potassium iodate
- Potassium sulfate
- Potassium chromate
Select the correct option from codes given below:
[A] 1 & 2 Only
[B] 2 & 3 Only
[C] 3 & 4 Only
[D] 1 & 4 Only
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ 1 & 2 Only]
Notes:
While potassium bromate is said to be a Class 2B carcinogenic, which means it may cause cancer, potassium iodate can lead to “thyroid disorders, increase the incidence of autoimmune thyroid it is and increase the risk of thyroid cancer.
13. Which of the following chemicals is also known as “Chinese snow”?
[A] Silver iodide
[B] Potassium nitrate
[C] Ammonium chloride
[D] Sodium phosphate
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [ Potassium nitrate]
Notes:
Potassium nitrate is one of several nitrogen-containing compounds collectively referred to as saltpetre or saltpetre. It is also known as “Chinese snow”. Major uses of potassium nitrate are in fertilizers, rocket propellants and fireworks.
14. Which of the following are used as chemical agents in war?
- Mustard Gas
- Phosgene
- Sarin
- VX
Select the correct option from codes given below:
[A] 1 & 3 Only
[B] 1, 3 & 4 Only
[C] 2 & 4 Only
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [ 1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:
Chemical weapons are called “poorman’s bomb”. These cause catastrophic damage, and are easy to produce. Sarin is a colorless and odourless agent, and is extremely potent. It was used in Damascus in 2013. Mustard Gas is possibly the most commonly used chemical agent and gets its name from the distinctive odour of rotten mustard. It is less potent and usually only 5 to 10 percent people exposed to it usually die. It was widely used during Second World War. VX is a nerve agent which is odourless and appears as brownish oily substance.
15. Which of the following states of matter has the weakest Intermolecular forces?
[A] Solids
[B] Liquids
[C] Gases
[D] It is same in solids, liquids and gases
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Gases]
Notes:
The three states of matter varies from each other due to the following factors. (1) The different magnitudes of the interatomic and intermolecular forces. (2) The extent of random thermal motion of atoms and molecules of a substance (which depends upon temperature). The Intermolecular force is strongest in solids and weakest in gases.
16. Which of these states of matter has the maximum density?
[A] Solids
[B] Liquids
[C] Gases
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Solids]
Notes:
The density is maximum in case of solids. In the case of liquids, the density is less than solids but more than gases. In gases, the density is minimum.
17. What is the property of matter by which a body tends to regain its original configuration after the removal of deforming force known as?
[A] Plasticity
[B] Ductility
[C] Elasticity
[D] Malleability
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Elasticity]
Notes:
The property of matter because of which a body tends to regain its original shape and size after the deforming force is removed is called its elasticity. Plasticity: It is that property of matter by virtue of which it does not regain its original shape and size after the removal of deforming force.
18. Which of the following is correct about the first ionization enthalpy of alkaline earth metals?
[A] It is higher than corresponding Group 1 metals
[B] It is lower than corresponding Group 1 metals
[C] No fix pattern exist
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [It is higher than corresponding Group 1 metals]
Notes:
The first ionization enthalpy of these metals is higher than corresponding Group 1 metals due to the small size of these elements compared to the corresponding alkali metals. The second ionization enthalpy of these metals is lower than corresponding alkali metals.
19. Which of the following alkaline earth metals is the rarest in the earth crust?
[A] Calcium
[B] Strontium
[C] Radium
[D] Beryllium
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Radium]
Notes:
Of the alkaline earth metals calcium and magnesium rank fifth and sixth in abundance respectively in the earth’s crust. Strontium and barium have much lower abundances. Beryllium is rare and radium is the rarest of all comprising only 10–10 per cent of igneous rocks.
20. Which of the following is NOT correct about Group 14 elements?
[A] All of them are solids
[B] Melting points are much higher than those of corresponding elements of group 13
[C] Carbon is a non-metal
[D] Germanium is a metal
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Germanium is a metal]
Notes:
All members of group 14 are solids. Carbon and silicon are non-metals, germanium is a metalloid, whereas tin and lead are soft metals. Melting points and boiling points of group 14 elements are much higher than those of corresponding elements of group 13.
