Business, Economy & Banking Current Affairs MCQs

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In November 2025, Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman inaugurated the Guwahati Gateway Terminal and Jetty. It is India’s first modern river ferry terminal. The terminal is built to improve and make river transport on the Brahmaputra River more efficient. It integrates multimodal connectivity to enhance overall transportation infrastructure in Assam. The project is part of developing a world-class riverfront in Guwahati. The initiative aims to boost tourism and economic activity in the region. The terminal is a landmark development in India’s river transport sector. It may serve as a model for other states with major rivers.

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The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation launched the National Industrial Classification (NIC) 2025 during the 75th anniversary of the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) in Udaipur. NIC-2025 is a new six-digit system replacing the five-digit NIC-2008 to classify all economic activities in India. It updates earlier versions from 1962 to reflect India’s changing economy and aligns with the United Nations International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) Revision-5. It adds new sectors like cloud services, blockchain, renewable energy, waste management, platform services, and AYUSH. It also includes new classes for logistics, real estate, food services, and environmental remediation.

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The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has announced interlinking the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) with fast payment systems of other countries to improve cross-border payments. This move supports the G20 Roadmap to make international remittances cheaper, faster, transparent and easier. RBI and NPCI International Payments Limited (NIPL) are working with the European Central Bank to link UPI with TIPS (TARGET Instant Payment Settlement), the Eurosystem’s instant payment platform. The UPI–TIPS link will enable cross-border money transfers between India and the European Union, benefiting users on both sides.

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National Industries Research and Development Council (NIRDC), an autonomous body under Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME), Government of India, launched InDApp, India’s indigenous digital platform for MSMEs. InDApp is a single-window, integrated platform improving speed, transparency, and efficiency of MSME engagement It provides access to government approvals, real-time market information, financial subsidies, export schemes, technology upgrades, and business opportunities. It combines physical outreach with digital enablement for seamless entrepreneur support. It supports micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) across sectors and regions.

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The Reserve Bank of India has released the National Strategy for Financial Inclusion (NSFI) 2025–30 as a five-year plan called Panch-Jyoti. The strategy is approved by the Sub-Committee of the Financial Stability and Development Council (FSDC). It sets 5 strategic objectives supported by 47 actionable steps to expand financial access. Financial inclusion means access to banking, payments, savings, credit, and insurance in a safe and affordable way. The pillars focus on better financial services, women-centred inclusion, linking livelihoods with finance, financial education, and strong consumer protection.

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The government launched a Credit Assessment Model (CAM) for Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to automate loan appraisal using digitally verifiable data. CAM provides objective decisioning for all loan applications and model-based limit assessment for Existing to Bank (ETB) and New to Bank (NTB) MSME borrowers. The Government, Reserve Bank of India (RBI), and National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) promote digital payment transactions through schemes like RuPay Debit Card incentives, low-value BHIM-UPI (P2M), and Payments Infrastructure Development Fund (PIDF) for POS terminals and QR codes.

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Fino Payments Bank became the first payments bank to receive in-principle approval from Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to convert into a Small Finance Bank (SFB). This approval allows Fino to accept larger deposits and offer loans and credit to individuals and small businesses. Fino applied under RBI’s “on tap” licensing guidelines for private sector SFBs. Payments banks can apply for SFB status after completing five years of operations and meeting regulatory norms. Fino started as a payments bank in 2017 and applied nearly two years ago for conversion. Fino plans to start lending within one year after approval. It serves over 16 million customers through more than 2 million merchants.

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Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) launched Past Risk and Return Verification Agency (PaRRVA) to improve transparency in financial markets. PaRRVA is a new system to verify and authenticate past performance claims made by regulated market intermediaries. It was launched on a pilot basis by Care Ratings in collaboration with National Stock Exchange (NSE). It applies to SEBI-registered Investment Advisers, Research Analysts, and Algorithmic (Algo) Stock Brokers.

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IIT Bombay’s Society for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (SINE) has launched India’s first incubator-linked deep-tech venture capital fund, named the Y-Point Venture Capital Fund, with a total corpus of ₹250 crore. The fund aims to provide early-stage risk capital to India’s deep-tech startups, especially those emerging from IIT Bombay and other top research institutions across the country. It will invest in pre-seed and seed-stage companies, helping them translate cutting-edge research into commercially viable technologies. The fund plans to support 25–30 startups, offering investments of up to ₹15 crore to each selected company.

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The government has launched a nationwide campaign ‘Your Money, Your Right’ to help citizens reclaim unclaimed financial assets such as bank deposits, insurance proceeds, dividends, shares, mutual funds and pensions. The campaign began on October 4, 2025, and aims to return dormant financial assets to their legitimate owners through simplified, district-level support mechanisms. Between October and November 2025, citizens successfully reclaimed around ₹2,000 crore of unclaimed funds. From October to December 5, 2025, dedicated camps were organised in 477 districts, involving public representatives, district administrations and financial institution officials.