States PCS: Bihar GK for BPSC and other Bihar PCS Exams

Notes:
“Aina-i-Tirhut” (1883), written by Bihari Lal Fitrat, is among the earliest Urdu histories of Mithila. It was supported by Maharaja Lakshmeshwar Singh of Darbhanga Raj, documenting Mithila’s culture, society, geography, economy, and biographies, and is notable for its Persian-influenced Urdu prose.

Notes:
Anees Fatima, also known as Lady Imam, became Bihar’s first woman MLA in 1937. She was a noted freedom fighter, led women’s protests, and actively promoted Urdu. Anisabad in Patna is named after her, and she was the first Bihari woman to visit England for political purposes.

Notes:
After Magadha under King Bimbisara conquered Anga, he appointed his son Ajatashatru as Governor of Champa, Anga’s capital. This act marked Magadha’s administrative control and expansion during the Haryanka dynasty.

Notes:
Moggaliputtatissa, a prominent Buddhist monk from Pataliputra, led the Third Buddhist Council under Ashoka. He expelled heretical monks, compiled the Kathāvatthu, and helped establish the Theravāda tradition. His actions shaped early Buddhist doctrine and missionary activity, notably influencing Buddhism’s spread to Sri Lanka.

Notes:
Naminatha, 21st Tirthankara of Avsarpini, was born to King Vijaya and Queen Vipra in Mithila, belonging to the Ikshvaku dynasty. He attained Kevala Jnana under a Bakula tree and achieved Moksha from Sammed Shikhar, preceding Neminatha by about 571,750 years.

Notes:
Maithilis from Bihar migrated to Northeast India during Ahom rule, mainly for religious duties. Later, British tea plantations attracted more migrants. They speak Maithili, Hindi, and Bengali, maintaining strong cultural connections and contributing to the region’s linguistic and social landscape.

Notes:
‘The Indian Nation’ was launched in 1931 in Patna by Maharaja Sir Kameshwar Singh of Darbhanga. It was a leading English daily in Bihar until the 1980s, publishing sister editions like Aryavarta (Hindi) and Mithila Mihir (Maithili).

Notes:
Sama-Chakeva is celebrated in Mithila, Bihar during Kartik. Sisters create clay idols of Sama and Chakeva, perform rituals, and pray for their brothers’ well-being, ending with idol immersion. The festival symbolizes sibling love and features folk songs and traditional customs unique to the region.

Notes:
Mithila Makhana from Bihar received the GI tag under the Mithilanchal Farmer Producer Organisation. Bihar is the leading producer of makhana, with about 85% of India’s production. The cultivation mainly occurs across 10 districts, involving around 50,000 households in its value chain.

Notes:
Bihar had the lowest literacy rate among all Indian states during the 2011 Census at 61.8%, ranking Bihar as the least literate state. This position was confirmed by official census data and subsequent government publications.