States PCS: Bihar GK for BPSC and other Bihar PCS Exams

Notes:
Nagi and Nakti bird sanctuaries, designated as Ramsar sites, are located in Jamui district of Bihar. These human-made wetlands were initially developed for irrigation, but later became critical habitats for over 150 species, including endangered and vulnerable animals such as the Indian elephant and native catfish. These sanctuaries are crucial for migratory birds like the red-crested pochard and bar-headed geese. The recognition announced on World Environment Day, accentuates Bihar’s role in wetland conservation and biodiversity protection.

Notes:
The most produced fruit in Bihar for the year 2022-23 was a banana with a production of 20.04 lakh tonnes. This is followed by Mango with 17.56 lakh tonnes, Guava with 4.36 lakh tonnes and Litchi with 3.09 lakh tonnes. Bihar’s rich fertile land coupled with suitable climate helps in the cultivation of these fruits. Banana, being a staple food of Bihar, has a higher demand and hence, a higher production.

Notes:
Karpoori Thakur became Bihar’s first socialist Chief Minister in 1977 with the support of the Janata coalition. Known for pro-poor policies, he was a major socialist leader. Other notable Bihar CMs include Daroga Prasad Rai and Bindeshwari Dubey, but Thakur was the first from the socialist tradition.

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Golghar in Patna was built in 1786 by John Garstin of Bengal Engineers as a granary to prevent famine in Bihar. Its unique beehive design features thick walls and a spiral staircase. It is a prominent historical structure in Bihar.

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Jagannath Pahadia (1932–2021) became Bihar’s first Dalit Governor (1989–1990). He was also a former Chief Minister of Rajasthan and a notable parliamentarian, associated with the Indian National Congress. He later served as Governor of Haryana as well.

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Nanyadeva (1097–1147 CE) founded the Karnat dynasty, making Simraungadh the capital of Mithila. Originally from Karnataka, he migrated during Chalukya invasions. Nanyadeva authored Sanskrit treatises and fought the Palas and Senas, establishing Mithila’s sovereignty. His successors included Gangadeva and Malladeva.

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Tharu is the 4th largest language in Nepal, spoken by 5.88% of the population. It is constitutionally recognized as a national language and is also spoken in Bihar, India. Tharu has multiple dialects and is spoken by the Tharu ethnic group.

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Ram Subhag Singh was appointed as the first official Leader of Opposition in Lok Sabha in 1969 after the Congress split. He represented Bihar constituencies and participated in the Quit India Movement. Singh had a Ph.D. in journalism from the University of Missouri.

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Sama-Chakeva is celebrated in Mithila, Bihar during Kartik. Sisters create clay idols of Sama and Chakeva, perform rituals, and pray for their brothers’ well-being, ending with idol immersion. The festival symbolizes sibling love and features folk songs and traditional customs unique to the region.

Notes:
Bihar had the lowest literacy rate among all Indian states during the 2011 Census at 61.8%, ranking Bihar as the least literate state. This position was confirmed by official census data and subsequent government publications.