Ancient Indian History MCQs

Notes:
The significant features of Indus Valley civilization are personal cleanliness, town planning, construction of burnt-brick houses, ceramics, casting, forging of metals, manufacturing of cotton and woolen textiles. Mohenjo-Daro people had finest bath facilities, drainage system, and knowledge of personal hygiene.

Notes:
Great Bath complex in Mohenjo-daro integrates burnt bricks and clay mortar along with gypsum plaster for waterproofing the tank, bitumen in the brick flooring and lining of water outlets with steatite. The advanced hydraulic engineering techniques used for water drainage and sealing by Harappans is evident in the finely constructed Bath.

Notes:
Harappan stone sculptures were fashioned from materials like steatite, a form of soapstone which has a soft consistency allowing easy carving. Many figurines of women, animals and men, some seemingly engaged in ritual worship, have been found carved from steatite. This indicates skilled craftsmanship specialized in delicate stonework.

Notes:
Sutras which are mentioned in the vedangas, are very short condensed statements that are used to express varied ideas. There are six Sutras. They are: Shiksha (Phonetics), Kalpa (Ritualistic science), Jyotisha (Astronomy), Vyakaran (Grammar), Nirukta (Etymology) and Chhanda (Metrics).

Notes:
Th fifth doctrine of Jainism- celibacy/chastity (brahmacharya) was added by Mahavira. Brahmacharya means total abstinence from sensual pleasure. It is a form of infatuating force, which sets aside all virtues and reason at the time of indulgence.

Notes:
When Buddha was moving towards the village of Senani he was offered a bowl of milk-rice by a low-caste village girl named Sujata. Buddha Accepted from a grass-cutter a gift of kusa grass for a mat and took a seat under a Peepal tree facing  the east.

Notes:
As Gautam Buddha sat in deep meditation he encountered ‘Mara’ which is the Lord of Illusions. Mara perceived that his power was about to be broken so he rushed to distract him from his purpose.

Notes:
Gautam Buddha at the age of 35 attained Nirvana or Enlightenment at Gaya in Bihar under a Peepal tree at Uruvela, on the banks of river Niranjana. He came to be known as the Buddha meaning the Enlightened One.

Notes:
The Pancha-khanda or Pancha-skandha mentioned in Buddhism are:
Rupa, Vedana, Sanna, Sankharas, and Vinnana.
Rupa is related to the physical factor and all the others are related to mental factors.

Notes:
Anga is situated in the modern districts of Monghyr and Bhagalpur in Bihar. The capital of Anga was Champa. It is located
at the confluence of Ganga and Champa rivers. Champa was an important commercial centre.