Poland Plans $2.2 Billion Anti-Drone Defence Shield

Poland has announced plans to construct a $2.2 billion multi-layered anti-drone defence system along its eastern border, citing rising security concerns linked to Russia’s military actions. The project reflects Warsaw’s growing focus on countering aerial threats and strengthening airspace security amid the prolonged Russia–Ukraine conflict.

Trigger: Repeated Drone Incursions

The decision follows several incidents involving suspected Russian drones entering Polish airspace. In one case earlier this year, multiple drones were detected crossing into Poland, prompting NATO fighter jets to scramble and causing debris damage on the ground. Polish authorities view these incidents as part of broader hybrid tactics aimed at testing regional defences rather than conventional military escalation.

Phased Rollout of Multi-Layered System

Deputy defence minister “Cezary Tomczyk” said the fortification will not resemble a single physical barrier. Instead, it will combine modern electronic warfare tools and conventional weapons. The system will include drone-jamming technologies, alongside machine guns, cannons and missile units. Initial operational capabilities are expected within six months, while full deployment is targeted within 24 months.

Strategic Context and Conditional Use

Officials clarified that some elements of the system would be activated only under extreme or wartime conditions. Tomczyk noted that as long as Ukraine continues to resist Russia, Europe is unlikely to face a full-scale conventional war. However, he warned of ongoing risks from provocations, sabotage and unconventional threats that require constant readiness.

Imporatnt Facts for Exams

• Anti-drone systems use both electronic jamming and kinetic weapons.
• Hybrid warfare includes sabotage, cyber and UAV incursions.
• NATO air policing responds to airspace violations in member states.
• European defence projects increasingly rely on joint funding mechanisms.

Funding and Broader Defence Initiatives

Most of the project’s cost will be financed through European funds under the SAFE defence loan programme, supplemented by Poland’s national defence budget. The anti-drone shield also aligns with Poland’s long-term “Eastern Shield” initiative, aimed at reinforcing border security and military preparedness in response to evolving threats from Russia and instability linked to the war in Ukraine.