New Flowering Plant Impatiens nagorum Found in Nagaland

Botanists have identified and formally described a new species of flowering plant from Northeast India, underscoring the region’s exceptional yet underexplored biodiversity. The species, named Impatiens nagorum, was discovered in Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary in Nagaland’s Kiphire district and documented in the international journal Phytotaxa.

The research team comprised scientists from Kohima Science College, Nagaland University, the University of Warsaw, and the Botanical Survey of India.

Distinctive Features of the Species

Belonging to the genus Impatiens — commonly known as balsams or “touch-me-nots” — the plant bears striking purple flowers and grows up to 35 cm in height. It was recorded at an elevation of 2,336 metres in moist temperate broadleaf forests.

The new species differs from related taxa through serrated leaves, slightly hairy lateral sepals, and a deeper lower sepal tapering into a hooked spur. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of pollen and seeds confirmed its distinct identity.

Limited Population and Habitat

Currently, Impatiens nagorum is known only from its type locality within Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary. Researchers observed a population of approximately 20 individuals, indicating rarity and possible vulnerability.

The Eastern Himalayas and Northeast India are global hotspots for Impatiens diversity, with numerous endemic species adapted to specific microhabitats. The discovery reinforces the ecological significance of Nagaland’s montane forests.

Biodiversity Significance of Nagaland

Nagaland spans just over 16,500 square kilometres yet hosts an estimated 2,250 plant species. The naming of the species honours the Naga tribes, recognising the indigenous communities of the region.

Important Facts for Exams

• Impatiens are commonly known as balsams or touch-me-nots.
• The Eastern Himalayas are a recognised global biodiversity hotspot.
• The Botanical Survey of India documents India’s plant diversity.
• Endemic species are those found only in a specific geographic area.

Need for Continued Exploration

Scientists emphasised that large parts of Northeast India remain botanically underexplored. Discoveries such as Impatiens nagorum highlight the urgent need for sustained field research and conservation, as undocumented species may face threats from habitat loss and climate change before they are fully studied.