In a global first, a Turkish Kızılelma UAV uses a BVR missile to down an aircraft

Turkey has announced a major breakthrough in unmanned military aviation after its Bayraktar Kızılelma uncrewed fighter jet successfully shot down a jet-powered target aircraft using a beyond-visual-range (BVR) missile. The demonstration marks a global first for UAV-led air-to-air combat and highlights rapid advancements in Türkiye’s defence technology ecosystem.

First Verified UAV BVR Engagement

During the test, Kızılelma detected, tracked, and engaged a high-speed aerial target using the MURAD active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar. It then launched the indigenous GÖKDOĞAN air-to-air missile from an under-wing hardpoint, scoring a direct hit. Defence firm Baykar said the trial established the platform as the world’s first uncrewed system with verified long-range air-to-air combat capability.

Indigenous Sensors and Weapons Suite

The UAV integrates several domestically developed technologies, including the MURAD AESA radar and the TOYGUN targeting system. Its low radar cross-section and advanced sensors enable early detection of adversary aircraft while maintaining high survivability. Earlier tests demonstrated accurate deployment of TOLUN and TEBER-82 precision munitions, strengthening the platform’s multirole credentials.

Joint Operations with Crewed Aircraft

Five F-16 fighter jets from Merzifon air base joined Kızılelma during the test phase, showcasing coordinated crewed-uncrewed formations. The trial highlighted Türkiye’s progress in manned-unmanned teaming, a capability increasingly central to modern air warfare. Officials say such integration can expand strike options while reducing risks to pilots.

Exam Oriented Facts

• BVR missiles are designed to hit targets beyond the pilot’s or operator’s visual range.
• AESA radars offer faster scanning, better tracking, and higher resistance to jamming.
• Kızılelma is Türkiye’s first jet-powered uncrewed combat aircraft.
• The GÖKDOĞAN missile is part of Türkiye’s indigenous air-to-air missile programme.

Implications for Future Air Combat

The successful engagement is expected to accelerate Türkiye’s push toward autonomous combat aviation, boosting its competitiveness in the global UAV market. Defence analysts view the demonstration as a significant step in redefining air superiority tactics, with uncrewed platforms positioned to take on increasingly complex missions.