1. Consider the following statements regarding Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR):
- AMR refers to the resistance acquired by any microorganism, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, against antimicrobial drugs.
- Microorganisms that acquire AMR are often termed “superbugs”, and AMR has been recognised as a silent pandemic worldwide.
- Ethnoveterinary medicine is routinely used to directly treat AMR in humans and animals.
Which of the above statements is / are correct?
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 1
[C] Only 1 and 3
[D] 1, 2 and 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1 and 2]
Notes:
AMR is indeed resistance acquired by microorganisms against antimicrobial agents and is considered a silent pandemic, with affected microbes often called superbugs. Ethnoveterinary medicine is traditional animal healthcare using herbal or natural remedies; it does not directly treat AMR, but may help reduce antimicrobial use. Thus, only statements 1 and 2 are correct.
2. Consider the following statements with respect to Dr. Verghese Kurien:
- He was behind the launch of Operation flood.
- He was awarded with Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan and Padma Shri.
- He founded the Institute of Rural Management Anand (IRMA) in 1979.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 1 & 2
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:- Verghese Kurien was born on November 26, 1921, in present-day- Kozhikode, Kerala.
- He played an instrumental role in making India the largest milk producer in the world.
- He was the man behind Operation Flood which led to dairy farming becoming the country’s largest self-sustaining industry, as well as the largest rural employment sector.
- He also helped set up the Amul cooperative society in 1946, in Gujarat’s Anand.
- In 1965, Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri assigned Dr. Kurien to create the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB).
- Dr Kurien also founded the Institute of Rural Management Anand (IRMA) in 1979 and managed the Delhi Milk Scheme by correcting the prices.
- He was awarded with: Padma Vibhushan (1999), the World Food Prize (1989), Krishi Ratna (1986), Padma Bhushan (1966), Padma Shri (1965), Ramon Magsaysay Award (1963), etc.
3. Consider the following statements:
- Shisham is a deciduous tree.
- It is native to Indian subcontinent and Iraq.
- It is a hardwood tree.
- Hardwood trees grow at a faster rate than softwood trees.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
[A] Only 3
[B] Only 1 & 3
[C] Only 1, 2 & 3
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 1 & 3]
Notes:- Dalbergia sissoo, also known as North Indian rosewood or shisham, is a deciduous rosewood tree native to the Indian subcontinent and southern Iran.
- Sheesham is also classified as a hardwood, which is an interesting feature. The term “hardwood” refers to wood that comes from dicot trees.
- Hardwood trees grow at a slower rate and are much larger in size than softwood trees. Because of the lignin lining in their xylem vessels, hardwood trees are much stronger than softwood trees. Hardwood trees are not only strong, but they are also long-lasting.
- Hardwood trees have additional characteristics such as fire resistance, resistance to splitting, and so on. Hardwoods such as sheesham are a great example.
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