UAE Enacts Landmark Law to Strengthen Protection for Children of Unknown Parentage

The United Arab Emirates has enacted Federal Decree-Law No. (12) of 2025 to strengthen protection and care for children whose biological parents are unknown or not legally identified. The reform modernises the country’s child welfare system and places the best interests of these vulnerable children at the centre of all decisions, ensuring dignity, stability, and equal opportunities.

Scope of Federal Decree-Law No. 12 of 2025

The new federal law formally defines children of unknown parentage and establishes clear responsibilities for state authorities and caregivers. It mandates safe, stable living arrangements and a structured care framework from early childhood through adolescence. The decree updates earlier provisions under the UAE’s Child Rights Law, reinforcing long-term state responsibility for children lacking legal family affiliation.

Integrated Care and Support System

A key feature of the law is the creation of an integrated care system. Social, health, educational, and psychological services are coordinated to meet each child’s physical and emotional needs. Authorities are required to ensure access to schooling, healthcare, and suitable family or institutional care environments. Decision-making must be child-centric, reflecting developmental needs rather than administrative convenience.

Identity Protection and Social Inclusion

The decree places strong emphasis on protecting identity and privacy. Measures are included to prevent stigma and discrimination linked to a child’s origins. By safeguarding personal data and ensuring respectful treatment, the law supports positive social integration and helps children grow with self-worth and a sense of belonging within the wider community.

Exam Oriented Facts

• Federal Decree-Law No. (12) of 2025 focuses on children of unknown parentage in the UAE.
• The law prioritises the “best interests of the child” as a legal principle.
• It builds on Federal Law No. 3 of 2016, known as Wadeema’s Law.
• Integrated care covers social, health, educational, and psychological services.

Alignment with UAE Child Welfare Reforms

The law aligns with broader UAE initiatives on child protection, family law, and personal status reforms. Existing frameworks already address abuse, neglect, and exploitation, while forums and safety programmes promote best practices nationwide. By extending equal access to services regardless of parental status, the decree strengthens a comprehensive child protection ecosystem and reflects the UAE’s long-term commitment to inclusive social development.