Taiwan Completes Underwater Trial of Indigenous Submarine

Taiwan has successfully completed the first underwater sea trial of its domestically developed submarine, marking a major milestone in its efforts to strengthen maritime deterrence against China. The trial represents a significant step in Taiwan’s broader military modernisation programme amid rising regional tensions and sustained Chinese naval activity around the island.

Milestone in Indigenous Submarine Programme

The submarine, named “Narwhal”, carried out a shallow-water submerged navigation test off the southern port city of Kaohsiung. The trial was confirmed by CSBC Corporation, Taiwan’s state-owned shipbuilder leading the project. It is the first of eight submarines planned under Taiwan’s indigenous submarine programme, aimed at enhancing the island’s ability to protect vital sea lanes and conduct sea denial operations in the event of conflict.

Strategic Context and External Cooperation

The programme has drawn on expertise and technology from multiple countries, including the United States and the United Kingdom. This collaboration is seen as a breakthrough for diplomatically isolated Taiwan, whose government rejects Beijing’s territorial claims. China considers Taiwan its own territory and has increased military pressure through frequent exercises around the island. Submarines are viewed by Taipei as a critical asymmetric capability to offset China’s numerical and technological superiority at sea.

Capabilities, Costs and Delays

The “Narwhal”, originally scheduled for delivery in 2024, has faced delays attributed to international constraints and political pressure from Beijing. The submarine carries a price tag of approximately T$49.36 billion. It is equipped with a combat management system supplied by a US defence firm and will be armed with US-made Mark 48 heavyweight torpedoes. Taiwan has indicated that later submarines in the series could be fitted with missile systems to enhance deterrence.

Important Facts for Exams

• Taiwan is pursuing indigenous submarines as part of asymmetric warfare strategy.
• The first submarine is named “Narwhal” and built by CSBC Corporation.
• Mark 48 torpedoes are heavyweight torpedoes used by advanced navies.
• China operates aircraft carriers and ballistic missile submarines.

Defence Modernisation and Regional Implications

Taiwan aims to deploy at least two domestically built submarines by 2027. The development comes as China continues rapid military expansion, including aircraft carriers, stealth fighters, and missile forces. Taiwan’s leadership has reiterated its focus on mobile and survivable systems such as submarines, drones, and truck-mounted missiles. The submarine trial underscores Taiwan’s intent to bolster deterrence while navigating growing strategic competition in the Indo-Pacific.