Sliteye Shark Recorded in Great Chagos Bank
The sliteye shark has been recorded for the first time in the Great Chagos Bank. This coral atoll is the largest of its kind globally. The discovery reveals the rich and largely unexplored biodiversity of the Chagos Archipelago and its Marine Protected Area. Researchers captured images of the shark in deep seagrass habitats on the southern rim of the Bank. This finding adds new knowledge about the species and its habitat preferences.
Discovery of Sliteye Shark in Chagos
Scientists used Baited Remote Underwater Video systems to record two sliteye sharks. They were found only 11 kilometres apart at depths between 23 and 29 metres. The species is known for its narrow, slit-like eyes, which help it see in low light. Although usually found in deeper waters, the sliteye shark can also live in shallow, clear seas. This is the first time it has been documented in the Great Chagos Bank.
Significance of Deepwater Seagrass Habitats
The sliteye shark was discovered in seagrass meadows first mapped in 2016. These meadows lie deeper than previously expected, revealed by satellite tracking of green turtles. Over 110 fish species use these underwater grasslands for food and shelter. The presence of sliteye sharks shows these habitats support diverse marine life. Scientists show the importance of deepwater seagrass ecosystems for ocean biodiversity.
Physical Features and Distribution of Sliteye Shark
The sliteye shark (Loxodon macrorhinus) is a small-bodied requiem shark. It grows up to 95 cm in length with a slender body and long narrow face. Its large eyes have slit-like pupils that help in dim environments. The shark has small, smooth-edged teeth and pale grey colouring with a white belly. Its range covers tropical waters of the Indian and western Pacific Oceans, including coasts of India, Australia, Japan, and East Africa.
Conservation Status and Threats
The sliteye shark is listed as Near Threatened by the IUCN. Its population is expected to decline by nearly 30% over 15 years. The main threat is heavy fishing pressure in coastal waters. The discovery in Chagos raises questions about the species’ abundance and habitat use. Protecting deepwater seagrass habitats is critical for conserving this shark and other marine species in the Indian Ocean.
Implications
This discovery strengthens the case for conserving the Great Chagos Bank and its ecosystems. Deepwater seagrass meadows are vital for many marine species. Their protection helps maintain biodiversity and ecological balance. The findings encourage further research on lesser-known habitats and species. They also show the need to manage fishing and human activities sustainably in marine protected areas.
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