1. In which of the following regions can tropical rainforests be found in India?
- North East Himalayas
- Western Ghats
- East Coast
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1 & 2]
Notes:
Tropical rainforests in India are mainly found in the North East Himalayas (including parts of northeastern states) and the Western Ghats, both of which receive very high rainfall. The East Coast does not typically support tropical rainforests. Key flora include mahogany, ebony, and rosewood. Andaman & Nicobar Islands also have these forests.
2. Consider the following states:1. Uttarakhand2. Nagaland3. Sikkim4. MizoramWhich among the above have recently declared their intent to go for 100% organic farming?
[A] 1
[B] 1 & 2
[C] 1, 2 & 3
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:
Nine States have drafted organic farming policies. Out of these, four States viz; Uttarakhand, Nagaland, Sikkim and Mizoram have declared their intention to go 100 percent organic. Sikkim has already converted nearly 40 percent of its total cultivated area under organic and has set target to convert entire State to organic by 2015. Other States have also defined schemes to promote organic farming. Recently Bihar has sanctioned a scheme worth Rs. 256 crores for promotion of organic farming for period 2010-11 to 2014-15. This scheme is 100 percent State Plan Scheme and entire funds shall be borne by State Government.
3. Consider the following factors regarding the causes of malnutrition leading to a significant proportion of child deaths in India:
- Low weight at birth due to inadequate nutrition of pregnant women
- Poor hygienic conditions
- Improper infant and child feeding practices
Which of the above factors are considered the major reasons for this issue?
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] 1, 2 and 3
[D] Only 1 and 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [1, 2 and 3]
Notes:
All three factors are major contributors to child malnutrition in India. Low maternal nutrition leads to underweight births, poor hygiene increases infection risk that hampers nutrient absorption, and inadequate feeding practices prevent optimal child growth. These issues collectively account for India’s persistent malnutrition and high child mortality rates according to health and nutrition studies.
4. Consider the following statements:
- Both the North Pole and the South Pole have responded equally to global warming, resulting in similar rates of shrinkage.
- Both the North Pole and the South Pole have warmed equally due to global warming.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
[A] Only 1 is correct
[B] Only 2 is correct
[C] Neither 1 nor 2 is correct
[D] Both 1 and 2 are correct
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Neither 1 nor 2 is correct]
Notes:
Both North Pole and South Pole have not responded equally to global warming. The rate of warming and shrinkage differs between the two; the Arctic (North Pole) is warming at a faster rate compared to the Antarctic (South Pole), which remains relatively cold and less affected overall.
5. With reference to the ranking of countries as the highest per capita emitters of Carbon Dioxide (CO
2) in the world, consider the following sources included in their annual CO
2 emissions calculations:
- Burning of fossil fuels
- Cement manufacture
- Land use such as deforestation
Which of the above are taken into account for this ranking?
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 1
[C] Only 1 and 3
[D] 1, 2 and 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1 and 2]
Notes:
The per capita CO2 emission rankings account for emissions from the burning of fossil fuels and cement manufacturing only. Land use changes, such as deforestation, are not included in these statistics. Countries like Qatar rank highest per capita when only fuel combustion and cement production emissions are counted, per international reporting standards.
6. With reference to Olive Ridley turtles, consider the following statements:
- Their synchronized mass nesting behavior is called ‘Arribada’.
- Gahirmatha Beach in Odisha is among their few major global nesting sites.
Select the correct answer using the codes below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 and 2
[D] Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 and 2]
Notes:
Statement 1 is correct: Synchronized mass nesting by Olive Ridley turtles is termed ‘Arribada.’ Statement 2 is correct: Gahirmatha Beach in Odisha is a significant and globally recognized nesting site for these turtles. Both facts highlight the species’ unique behavior and the conservation importance of Gahirmatha Beach.
7. Which of the following regions in India have substantial coral reef formations?
- Gulf of Mannar
- Gulf of Kachchh
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- Lakshadweep Islands
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] 1 & 2
[B] 2 & 3
[C] 2, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:
The four principal regions in India with substantial coral reefs are the Gulf of Mannar, Gulf of Kachchh, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and Lakshadweep Islands. These areas host diverse and extensive coral formations due to favorable oceanographic conditions for coral growth and sustenance.
8. Consider the following Mangroves:
- Bhitarkanika Mangroves
- Pichavaram Mangroves
- Sundarbans Mangroves
Which of the above is/are Ramsar sites?
[A] 1 & 3 Only
[B] 3 Only
[C] 2 & 3 Only
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [1 & 3 Only]
Notes:
The Bhitarkanika Mangroves are mangrove wetland in Odisha. The Pichavaram mangroves in Tamil Nadu is India’s one of the largest mangrove forests. The Sundarbans mangrove forests lies on the delta of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers on the Bay of Bengal.
9. With reference to the Ethanol Blending Programme in India, consider the following statements regarding the effects of blending ethanol with gasoline:
- Octane number of gasoline is increased
- Energy content per unit volume of the fuel mixture is increased
- The engine is less likely to suffer damage
Which of the above statements are correct?
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 1 and 3
[C] Only 2 and 3
[D] Only 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 1 and 3]
Notes:
Blending ethanol with gasoline raises the octane number, improving anti-knock properties, and can reduce engine damage due to cleaner combustion. However, ethanol has a lower energy content than gasoline, so the energy content per unit volume of the blend is not increased. Therefore, only statements 1 and 3 are correct.
10. Identify the fauna with the help of information given below:
- This fauna is a primate, endemic only to wet evergreen forests in western ghats of India
- This fauna comes under endangered species of India
- Omnivorous in nature, have black coat and have been largely affected by poachers as its meat has medicinal value.
Select the correct option from below:
[A] Nilgiri monkey
[B] Slender loris
[C] Brown palm civet
[D] Lion-Tailed Macaque
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [ Lion-Tailed Macaque]
Notes:
Lion tailed macaque is a fauna endemic to Western Ghats only. It ranks among the rarest and most threatened primates. It is a diurnal rainforest dweller. It is a good climber and spends majority of its life in the upper canopy of tropical moist evergreen forests.
