International Current Affairs MCQs

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US President Donald Trump decided to withdraw from the Paris Agreement again, having initially done so in 2017. On his first day in office, he revoked all US climate finance commitments. Trump aimed to reverse climate-friendly energy policies and focus on oil and gas extraction. Joe Biden rejoined the Paris Agreement in 2021. Trump argued that international climate regulations were unfair to the US, as China faced fewer restrictions. The Paris Agreement, adopted in 2015, seeks to limit global warming to below 2°C, with efforts to keep it under 1.5°C.

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Alexander Lukashenko won a seventh term as Belarusian president with 86.8% of the vote, per the Central Election Commission. Lukashenko has won every presidential election since 1994, often amid controversy. Belarus is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It shares borders with Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania, and Latvia. The capital and largest city of Belarus is Minsk.

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Bart De Wever was sworn in as Belgium’s Prime Minister by King Philippe on 3rd February 2025. He replaced Alexander De Croo, who led a seven-party coalition government. The June 2024 elections did not give a decisive mandate to any party or coalition. Belgium has a complex political system, divided into Dutch-speaking Flanders and French-speaking Wallonia. De Wever is the first nationalist Flanders leader to become PM.

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A US military aircraft carrying 104 deported Indian nationals landed at Amritsar airport on 5th February 2025. The deportees spent between Rs 30 lakh and Rs 1 crore on expenses and agent fees to reach the US. They traveled through the “dunki route,” an illegal and dangerous immigration path. “Dunki” or “donkey journey” refers to long, risky routes taken due to a lack of legal permits or financial resources. American authorities deported individuals who used this illegal route to enter the US.

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The oldest known Jurassic bird fossil was recently found in China’s Fujian Province. The fossil is of a species called Baminornis zhenghensis and is estimated to be 149 million years old. The discovery of Baminornis zhenghensis is considered a landmark discovery and one of the most important bird fossils ever found. It shows that birds and dinosaurs lived alongside each other in China during the Jurassic period.

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PM Modi, during his U.S. visit, introduced “MIGA”, inspired by Trump’s “MAGA.” ‘Maga’ refers to ‘Make America Great Again,’ while ‘Miga’ stands for ‘Make India Great Again.’ He called MIGA and MAGA a “mega partnership for prosperity.” India is focused on heritage and development, aiming for Viksit Bharat 2047. India is not neutral but supports peace in the Russia-Ukraine conflict. India and the U.S. aim to double bilateral trade to $500 billion by 2030.

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India and the U.S. launched the TRUST (Transforming Relationship Utilizing Strategic Technology) initiative to boost cooperation in critical minerals like lithium and rare earth elements. Announced during PM Modi’s visit to Washington, it aims to strengthen supply chains for essential materials. The initiative focuses on critical minerals, advanced materials, and pharmaceuticals. It aims to reduce barriers to technology transfer by streamlining regulations. It seeks to address export controls for smoother trade in strategic resources. It also promotes high-tech commerce, enhancing collaboration in advanced sectors.

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Brazil recently joined OPEC+, the alliance of major oil-exporting nations. OPEC+ consists of 22 oil-exporting countries that regulate global crude oil supply. The group meets regularly to decide how much oil to sell in the market. The alliance works together to adjust crude oil production and ensure market stability.

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India assumed the Chairmanship of the Bay of Bengal (BOB) Inter-Governmental Organisation from Bangladesh. The transition took place at the 13th Governing Council Meeting in Malé, Maldives. Representatives from Sri Lanka, Maldives, and Bangladesh attended the event. The meeting was part of a high-level conference on mainstreaming the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM) in Small-Scale Fisheries. India will lead efforts to develop small-scale fisheries in the region. This move strengthens India’s international leadership and supports the national goal of ‘Viksit Bharat 2047’.

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Mission 300 is an ambitious initiative to electrify 300 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa by 2030. It was launched in 2025 by the World Bank and African Development Bank (AfDB) in collaboration with key global energy partners. The initiative aims to provide affordable, reliable, and sustainable electricity to millions in Africa. It will achieve this through a mix of grid expansion, mini-grids, and off-grid solar solutions to ensure widespread electrification. Mission 300 will help accelerate Africa’s transition to clean energy, reducing dependency on fossil fuels.