1. Consider the following:
- The Great Rift Valley extends through Egypt, Libya, and Morocco.
- The Andes Mountains stretch across Chile, Argentina, Peru, Bolivia, and Colombia.
- The Alps are shared by France, Switzerland, Italy, Austria, and Germany.
- The Rockies extend across the USA, Canada, and Mexico.
Which of the above statements is / are correct?
[A] Only 2
[B] 2 and 3
[C] 3 and 4
[D] 1 and 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [2 and 3]
Notes:
The Andes extend through Chile, Argentina, Peru, Bolivia, and Colombia, making statement 2 correct. The Alps are shared by France, Switzerland, Italy, Austria, and Germany—statement 3 is correct. The Great Rift Valley lies mainly in East Africa, not North Africa, and the Rockies do not reach Mexico, making statements 1 and 4 incorrect.
2. Consider the following:
- Carpathian Mountains
- Dinaric Alps
- Caucasus mountains
- Apennine Mountains
Which of the following is the correct order of the above from west to east?
[A] 1 2 3 4
[B] 4 2 1 3
[C] 2 1 4 3
[D] 3 4 1 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [4 2 1 3]
Notes:- Apennine Mountains – Located in Italy, running along the length of the Italian Peninsula.
- Dinaric Alps – Found along the western Balkans, mainly in countries like Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Albania.
- Carpathian Mountains – Stretch across Central and Eastern Europe, covering parts of Slovakia, Poland, Ukraine, and Romania.
- Caucasus Mountains – Located further east, forming a natural boundary between Europe and Asia, covering Russia, Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan.
3. Match the winds with their corresponding characteristics and areas:
| Name of Wind | Characteristics and Area |
|---|
| 1. Chinook (Snow eaters) | A. Hot, dry wind; The Rockies Mountains |
| 2. Santa Ana | B. Hot, dry wind; West Africa |
| 3. Harmattan (Guinea Doctor) | C. Hot wind, South California |
| 4. Mistral | D. Cold wind; The Alps and France |
Choose the correct match from the options below:
[A] 1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D
[B] 1-B, 2-A, 3-D, 4-C
[C] 1-C, 2-D, 3-A, 4-B
[D] 1-A, 2-D, 3-B, 4-C
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D]
Notes:| Name | Nature of wind | Place |
| Chinook (Snow eaters) | Hot, dry wind | The Rockies mountains |
| Foehn | Hot, dry wind | The Alps |
| Khamsin | Hot, dry wind | Egypt |
| Siroco | Hot, moist wind | Sahara to the Mediterranean Sea |
| Solano | Hot, moist wind | Sahara to the Iberian Peninsula |
| Harmattan (Guinea Doctor) | Hot, dry wind | West Africa |
| Bora | Cold, dry wind | Blows from Hungary to North Italy |
| Mistral | Cold wind | The Alps and France |
| Punas | Cold dry wind | The western side of Andes Mountain |
| Blizzard | Cold wind | Tundra region |
| Purga | Cold wind | Russia |
| Levanter | Cold wind | Spain |
| Norwester | Hot wind | New Zealand |
| Santa Ana | Hot wind | South California |
| Karaburun (black storm) | Hot dusty wind | Central Asia |
| Calima | Dust-laden dry wind | Saharan Air Layer across the Canary Islands |
| Elephanta | Moist wind in monsoon | Malabar coast |
4. Where is the Southern Alps mountain range located?
[A] Australia
[B] New Zealand
[C] South Africa
[D] Indonesia
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [New Zealand]
Notes:
The Southern Alps is a mountain range extending along much of the length of New Zealand’s South Island. The range includes the South Island’s Main Divide, which separates the water catchments of the more heavily populated eastern side of the island from those on the west coast.
5. Which of the following is a warm, dry, gusty wind of the Alps?
[A] Chinook
[B] Foehn
[C] Sirocco
[D] Khamsin
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Foehn]
Notes:- Chinook: a warm, westerly wind of Canada and USA
- Foehn: a warm, dry, gusty wind of the Alps
- Sirocco: blows by the local name of Khamsin in Egypt
6. Alps mountain range is located in which continent?
[A] Europe
[B] North America
[C] South America
[D] Africa
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Europe]
Notes:
The Alps are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe. It stretches approximately 1,200 kilometres across eight Alpine countries: France, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Liechtenstein, Austria, Germany, and Slovenia.
7. Consider the following statements:
- Marmolada is the highest peak of the Dolomite Alps.
- Zabarwan Range is a mountain range located in Meghalaya.
Which of the above statements is / are correct?
[A] Only 2
[B] Both 1 and 2
[C] Only 1
[D] Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Only 1]
Notes:
The Dolomite Alps, located in northeastern Italy, have Marmolada as their highest peak. The Zabarwan Range, however, is not in Meghalaya. It lies between the Pir Panjal and Great Himalayan Ranges within the Kashmir Valley in Jammu & Kashmir. Therefore, only statement 1 is correct, while statement 2 is incorrect.
8. Consider the following statements regarding regional winds:
- The Chinook is a warm, dry wind blowing down the eastern slopes of the Rockies.
- The Mistral is a cold, dry wind blowing from the Alps to the Mediterranean coast of France.
- The Sirocco is a hot, dust-laden wind from the Sahara into Southern Europe.
- The Bora is a warm, moist wind blowing over the Adriatic coast of Croatia.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1, 2 & 3
[B] Only 1, 2 & 4
[C] Only 2, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
The Chinook is a warm, dry wind on the eastern Rocky Mountains; The Mistral is cold and dry, blowing from the Alps to France’s Mediterranean coast. The Sirocco is hot and dust-laden, originating from the Sahara to Southern Europe. The Bora, however, is a cold, dry wind blowing over the Adriatic, not a warm, moist wind.
9. Consider the following statements:
- The Himalayan Mountains and the Alps are young fold mountains.
- The Aravali range in India is one of the oldest fold mountain systems in the world.
- The Appalachians in North America and the Ural mountains in Russia are very old fold mountains.
Which of the above is / are correct?
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 2 and 3
[C] Only 1 and 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
The Himalayan Mountains and the Alps are young fold mountains with rugged relief and high conical peaks. The Aravali range in India is one of the oldest fold mountain systems in the world. The range has considerably worn down due to the processes of erosion. The Appalachians in North America and the Ural mountains in Russia have rounded features and low elevation. They are very old fold mountains.
10. Which of the following mountain ranges is/are part of the Alpide belt?
- Hindukush
- Alps
- Cascade
- Caucasus
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
[A] Only 2
[B] Only 2 & 4
[C] Only 1, 3 & 4
[D] Only 1, 2 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Only 1, 2 & 4]
Notes:
The Alpide belt is the second most seismically active region after the Pacific Ring of Fire. It stretches about 15,000 km from the Mediterranean through the Alps, Caucasus, and Hindukush into Asia. These ranges are part of the Alpide belt. The Cascade range, located in North America, is not part of the Alpide belt.
