Parvati–Arga Bird Sanctuary Declared Eco-Sensitive Zone

In a major boost to wetland conservation in northern India, the Parvati–Arga Bird Sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh has been declared an Eco-Sensitive Zone (ESZ). The decision adds an additional layer of legal protection to one of the state’s lesser-known yet ecologically rich wetland ecosystems, reinforcing efforts to balance conservation with sustainable development.

Government Notification and Objectives

The ESZ notification was announced by the Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, with Minister of State Kirti Vardhan Singh highlighting the move on social media. The declaration aims to regulate developmental and human activities around the sanctuary, preventing ecological degradation while encouraging responsible ecotourism. Eco-Sensitive Zones act as buffer areas that minimise the impact of urbanisation, infrastructure expansion, and pollution on protected habitats.

Ecological Significance of Parvati–Arga

Spread over 1,084 hectares in Gonda district of Uttar Pradesh, the Parvati–Arga Bird Sanctuary represents a classic Indo-Gangetic floodplain ecosystem. It comprises two permanent freshwater oxbow lakes—Parvati Lake and Arga Lake—formed from abandoned river channels. The wetland plays a critical role in groundwater recharge, flood mitigation, and climate resilience, while supporting diverse aquatic and terrestrial life.

A Haven for Migratory and Threatened Birds

The sanctuary is a key wintering and stopover site for migratory birds arriving from Central Asia and the Tibetan region. It also holds global recognition as a Ramsar Site, underlining its international importance. Notably, Parvati–Arga provides nesting and foraging grounds for threatened vulture species such as the white-rumped vulture, Indian vulture, and the endangered Egyptian vulture. However, challenges such as invasive species like water hyacinth continue to threaten its ecological balance.

Imporatnt Facts for Exams

• Eco-Sensitive Zones are notified around protected areas by the MoEFCC.
• Parvati–Arga Bird Sanctuary is located in Gonda district, Uttar Pradesh.
• The sanctuary is a Ramsar Site with international wetland importance.
• ESZs can extend up to 10 km from protected area boundaries.

Role of Eco-Sensitive Zones in Conservation

Eco-Sensitive Zones function as transition areas between high-protection wildlife habitats and human-dominated landscapes. In the case of Parvati–Arga, the ESZ is expected to regulate construction, restrict polluting industries, and manage land-use changes. These measures are intended to safeguard the wetland’s hydrology and bird habitats while allowing sustainable livelihoods and development in surrounding regions.