New Jasmine Blossom Midge Discovered in India

In a major entomological breakthrough, scientists from the ICAR-Directorate of Floricultural Research (ICAR-DFR), Pune, have identified a new species of blossom midge infesting jasmine flower buds in India. The species, named “Contarinia icardiflores” sp. nov., has been discovered attacking “Jasminum sambac”, a commercially important ornamental crop. The discovery highlights emerging pest challenges in India’s floriculture sector.

The research team was led by Dr. D. M. Firake, Senior Scientist at ICAR-DFR. The species name ‘icardiflores’ honours the Indian Council of Agricultural Research–Directorate of Floricultural Research, acknowledging its contributions to floriculture science.

Significance of the Discovery

Blossom midges belonging to the genus “Contarinia” are known as serious pests of ornamental and food crops worldwide. The newly identified species has been observed causing significant economic losses in jasmine cultivation. Infestation leads to damage of flower buds, directly affecting yield and market value.

India is a major producer of jasmine, widely used in perfumery, religious offerings and the floral trade. The emergence of a new pest species therefore poses serious concerns for farmers and exporters.

Morphological and Genetic Distinction

Although morphologically similar to “Contarinia maculipennis” Felt, the only previously reported jasmine-infesting midge, “C. icardiflores” is genetically distinct. The researchers used an integrative taxonomic approach combining morphological traits and molecular tools.

Key distinguishing features include differences in the structure of female flagellomeres, cerci and the male aedeagus. The team also sequenced a partial region of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. This molecular marker supports precise identification and enables rapid diagnostic protocols.

Life Cycle and Agricultural Impact

The new species completes its life cycle within 16 to 21 days. Such a short cycle enables rapid population build-up, intensifying infestation levels. This biological trait makes the pest particularly challenging to manage.

Important Facts for Exams

• “Contarinia” belongs to the family Cecidomyiidae, commonly known as gall midges.
• The COI gene is widely used in DNA barcoding for species identification.
• “Jasminum sambac” is an important commercial flower crop in India.
• Integrative taxonomy combines morphological and molecular tools for classification.

Implications for Pest Management

The findings provide critical biological insights needed for developing targeted and eco-friendly pest management strategies. Early identification and molecular diagnostics will strengthen surveillance systems. The discovery marks an important step in enhancing India’s preparedness against emerging pests in the floriculture sector.