Lion Population Growth in Gujarat
The recent lion census conducted by the Gujarat Forest Department reveals growth in the Asiatic lion population. This is the first census since 2020, showing a remarkable 32% increase in the lion population from 2020 to 2025. The total number of lions is now reported at 891. This growth reflects successful conservation efforts and changing dynamics in lion distribution across Gujarat.
Key Findings of the Census
The lion population has surged from 523 in 2015 to 891 in 2025. This represents a 70.36% increase over the past decade. The number of adult female lions, crucial for future population growth, rose by 27% to 330. Gir National Park remains the core habitat, but new satellite populations have been identified in regions like Barda Wildlife Sanctuary and Jetpur.
Expansion of Lion Habitat
The range of lion distribution has expanded . From 1995 to 2025, the area occupied by lions grew from 10,000 square kilometres to 35,000 square kilometres. This expansion includes various districts such as Amreli, Gir-Somnath, and Junagadh, with Amreli reporting the highest concentration of 339 lions.
Methodology of the Census
The census was conducted from May 10-13, 2025. The survey covered 35,000 square kilometres across 11 districts. It involved 3,254 participants divided into 735 sampling units. Each unit had enumerators who recorded direct sightings and individual characteristics of lions. Digital photography was used for accurate identification.
Challenges of Population Growth
While the increase in lion numbers is positive, it poses challenges. The presence of lions in human-dominated areas can lead to conflicts. Residents, particularly the pastoral Maldharis, have shown tolerance towards lions. However, the risk of economic losses from livestock predation remains a concern. Experts suggest that for sustainable growth, lions should ideally inhabit pristine regions away from human settlements.
Future Plans for Lion Conservation
Recently, Prime Minister Narendra Modi approved ‘Project Lion’, a ₹2,927 crore initiative aimed at enhancing lion conservation. The project focuses on developing the Barda Wildlife Sanctuary and promoting community involvement in conservation efforts. This includes creating economic incentives linked to wildlife tourism.
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