Khaleda Zia Death Marks End of Bangladesh Political Era

Bangladesh lost one of its most influential political figures on Tuesday with the death of former Prime Minister and Bangladesh Nationalist Party chairperson Khaleda Zia at the age of 80. Her passing closes a defining chapter in the country’s post-independence politics, shaped by intense rivalry, alternating governments, and landmark democratic transitions.

Long Illness and Final Days

Khaleda Zia died in Dhaka after months in critical condition. She was receiving treatment in the intensive care unit of Evercare Hospital following a prolonged battle with multiple chronic illnesses. These included heart disease, kidney and liver complications, diabetes, respiratory problems, arthritis, and eye-related conditions. Medical records confirm she had a permanent pacemaker and had earlier undergone cardiac stent procedures. Since returning from London in May after advanced treatment, her health remained fragile despite continuous monitoring.

Political Journey and Rise to Power

Born in 1945, Khaleda Zia entered politics after the assassination of her husband, former president Ziaur Rahman, in 1981. She assumed leadership of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party in 1984 and soon emerged as a formidable opposition leader. In 1991, she led the BNP to victory, becoming the first woman Prime Minister of Bangladesh. She served two non-consecutive terms from 1991 to 1996 and again from 2001 to 2006, playing a central role in shaping parliamentary democracy and economic policy during transitional years.

Reactions at Home and Abroad

The interim government chief, Muhammad Yunus, expressed deep grief, describing her death as a major national loss. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi also conveyed condolences, recalling her role in strengthening India–Bangladesh relations and their meeting in Dhaka in 2015. Her death comes at a politically sensitive time, with elections expected in early 2026 and her son, Tarique Rahman, recently returning from long exile. Khaleda Zia remained the principal rival of Sheikh Hasina, who is currently in exile following unrest in 2024.

Imporatnt Facts for Exams

• Khaleda Zia was the first woman Prime Minister of Bangladesh.
• She led the Bangladesh Nationalist Party from 1984 until her death.
• Her tenure alternated with that of Sheikh Hasina for over three decades.
• She served two terms as Prime Minister: 1991–1996 and 2001–2006.

Enduring Political Legacy

Khaleda Zia’s career defined Bangladesh’s competitive two-party system and normalised female leadership at the highest political level. Despite prolonged illness and legal challenges, she remained a symbolic anchor for the BNP and its supporters. Her death leaves a significant leadership vacuum as Bangladesh approaches another decisive electoral phase.