Japan Restarts Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant

Japan has approved the restart of the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa nuclear power plant after nearly two decades, marking a major shift in its post-Fukushima energy policy. The decision reflects Tokyo’s renewed emphasis on energy security, cost control, and decarbonisation amid volatile global fuel markets.

Niigata Assembly Clears Long-Pending Restart

The Niigata prefectural assembly approved the proposal to resume operations at the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa plant, endorsing Governor Hideyo Hanazumi’s support for reopening the facility. With this clearance, the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) has been authorised to restart power generation at the world’s largest nuclear power station. The decision came despite public protests, including demonstrations by local residents opposing any revival of nuclear energy in the region.

Background of the Shutdown and Planned Timeline

Located around 220 kilometres northwest of Tokyo, the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa facility was among 54 nuclear reactors shut down nationwide following the March 2011 Fukushima Daiichi disaster. Reactor No. 6 of the seven-reactor complex is now expected to resume operations by January 20, 2026. TEPCO has committed to investing nearly ¥100 billion over the next decade to enhance safety systems, infrastructure resilience, and regulatory compliance.

Energy Security and Economic Rationale

Japan’s push to restart nuclear plants is closely tied to its heavy dependence on imported fossil fuels. In recent years, the country spent about ¥10.7 trillion annually on liquefied natural gas and coal imports, accounting for nearly a tenth of total import costs. Nuclear energy is viewed as a stable domestic alternative that can reduce exposure to global price shocks and strengthen long-term energy security.

What to Note for UPSC Prelims?

• Kashiwazaki-Kariwa is the world’s largest nuclear power plant by capacity.
• Japan shut down most nuclear reactors after the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi accident.
• Nuclear power is considered a low-carbon energy source.
• TEPCO operates both Fukushima Daiichi and Kashiwazaki-Kariwa plants.

PM Sanae Takaichi’s Nuclear Strategy

Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi has strongly backed the revival of nuclear power as part of Japan’s broader energy strategy. Her government aims to cut reliance on fossil fuels, which currently generate 60–70% of Japan’s electricity, while increasing the share of nuclear energy to around 20% by 2040. The restart of Kashiwazaki-Kariwa is central to this plan, aligning energy security objectives with Japan’s commitment to decarbonising its power sector.