India Registers High-Yielding Synthetic Cattle Breeds

India has expanded its livestock genetic base with the registration of two high-yielding synthetic cattle breeds capable of producing over 3,000 kg of milk in a 10-month lactation period. With this addition, the country’s total number of registered livestock and poultry breeds has reached 246, reinforcing India’s dual strategy of productivity enhancement and indigenous breed conservation.

Certification of New Livestock and Poultry Breeds

Agriculture Minister “Shivraj Singh Chouhan” presented registration certificates for 16 newly recognised livestock and poultry breeds at an event organised by “Indian Council of Agricultural Research”–National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources. The registration provides legal recognition and supports region-specific breeding and development programmes under government schemes.

Synthetic Breeds Boosting Dairy Productivity

The two synthetic cattle breeds registered are Karan Fries and Vrindavani. Karan Fries was developed by “National Dairy Research Institute”, Haryana, through cross-breeding indigenous Tharparkar cows with Holstein-Friesian bulls. Vrindavani was developed by “Indian Veterinary Research Institute”, Uttar Pradesh, combining exotic breeds such as Holstein-Friesian, Brown Swiss and Jersey with indigenous Hariana cattle. These breeds significantly outperform most indigenous cattle, which typically yield 1,000–2,000 kg per lactation.

Focus on Indigenous Breed Conservation

Emphasising sustainability, ICAR Director General “M L Jat” underlined the need to conserve indigenous genetic resources in the face of climate change. Of the 16 newly registered breeds, 14 are indigenous, including Medini and Rohikhandi cattle, Melghati buffalo, Palamu and Udaipuri goats, and Nagami Mithun. Several poultry and waterfowl breeds from eastern and southern India were also included, highlighting regional biodiversity.

Imporatnt Facts for Exams

• India currently has 246 registered livestock and poultry breeds.
• Karan Fries and Vrindavani are India’s recognised synthetic dairy cattle breeds.
• ICAR has been registering breeds annually since 2008.
• Breed registration provides legal protection and supports targeted development schemes.

Policy Significance and Sectoral Impact

ICAR officials noted that synthetic breeds offer high milk productivity, supporting India’s growing dairy demand, while indigenous breeds ensure climate resilience. With 242 indigenous and four synthetic breeds now registered, the initiative balances productivity, conservation and rural livelihoods. The registration process typically takes two to five years and also facilitates conservation incentives, for which ICAR conservation awards were presented to individuals and institutions working on indigenous breed preservation.