India, EU Boost Nuclear and Research Cooperation

India and the European Union have agreed to deepen cooperation on the peaceful uses of nuclear energy and expand collaboration in advanced research and innovation. The commitment was outlined in the Joint India–European Union Comprehensive Strategic Agenda released after their summit on January 27, 2026, reflecting a renewed focus on science-led strategic engagement.

Expanding scope under India–Euratom agreement

The two sides reaffirmed cooperation under the India–Euratom agreement on research and development in nuclear science and technology, which was signed in July 2020. Areas identified for enhanced collaboration include advanced materials for detectors, radiation safety, nuclear security and non-power applications of atomic energy. The agenda also highlighted cooperation in radio-pharmaceuticals, which have growing importance in healthcare diagnostics and cancer treatment.

Strengthening engagement in ITER and fusion research

India and the EU agreed to strengthen cooperation in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), a flagship global fusion energy project. Both sides view fusion research as critical for long-term clean energy solutions. Enhanced coordination in ITER is expected to involve scientific exchange, technical collaboration and joint contributions to advancing fusion technology, where both India and EU members are key stakeholders.

Horizon Europe and broader research collaboration

The agenda emphasised “deepening cooperation” under Horizon Europe, the EU’s principal funding programme for research and innovation. Collaboration will expand across sectors such as energy, water, agri-food, health, semiconductors, biotechnology and advanced materials. Mechanisms like co-funding arrangements and coordinated research calls are expected to facilitate joint projects and institutional partnerships, strengthening innovation ecosystems on both sides.

Important Facts for Exams

• Euratom is the European Atomic Energy Community promoting nuclear research and safety.
• ITER is a multinational fusion energy project aimed at demonstrating nuclear fusion feasibility.
• Horizon Europe is the EU’s main research and innovation funding programme.
• Radio-pharmaceuticals use radioactive substances for medical diagnosis and therapy.

CBAM concerns and carbon cooperation framework

The statement also addressed progress on the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, a key concern for India. CBAM imposes additional costs on carbon-intensive imports such as iron and steel entering the EU. According to India’s Press Information Bureau, commitments include a forward-looking most-favoured nation assurance, flexibilities extended to third countries, enhanced technical cooperation on recognising carbon prices and verifiers, and financial and technical support to help partners reduce emissions and comply with emerging carbon standards.