Hanoi Ranked Second Among World’s Most Polluted Cities

Hanoi has emerged as the world’s second most polluted city, trailing only New Delhi, after more than a week of dense smog and hazardous air conditions. The Vietnamese capital has drawn global concern as residents struggle with deteriorating air quality and associated health risks.

Severe Decline in Air Quality

Recent assessments showed Hanoi recording extremely high concentrations of PM2.5, far exceeding the World Health Organization’s recommended limits. These fine particles, capable of entering the bloodstream, have created a persistent grey haze across the city. Authorities have urged residents to minimise outdoor exposure, while schools have been advised to close if conditions worsen.

Impact on Daily Life and Public Health

Residents report difficulty breathing, discomfort during outdoor activities and a rise in respiratory illnesses. Infants and vulnerable groups face heightened risks. Many households have turned to air purifiers as protective measures. The prolonged smog event has severely disrupted daily routines and raised anxieties about long-term health implications.

Environmental Strain and Contributing Factors

Experts attribute the pollution surge to emissions from construction sites, heavy traffic dominated by motorbikes and private vehicles, and stagnant weather conditions that trap pollutants. The situation follows recent flooding and landslides in Vietnam, compounding environmental stress across affected regions.

Exam Oriented Facts

• Hanoi is currently ranked the world’s second most polluted city.
• PM2.5 levels have exceeded WHO daily exposure limits.
• Authorities have advised limiting outdoor activity and allowing school closures.
• Air pollution contributes to diseases such as stroke, heart disease and lung cancer.

Government Response and Public Concerns

Local authorities have issued advisories and administrative orders, though residents argue that measures remain largely ineffective. The persistent toxic air highlights the need for stronger emissions control, cleaner transport options and urban planning reforms. As conditions show little improvement, Hanoi’s pollution crisis continues to reflect broader regional air quality challenges.