Galápagos Tortoise Gramma Dies At 141

Gramma, the oldest animal at the San Diego Zoo and a beloved Galápagos tortoise, has died at an estimated age of 141. Known for her gentle presence and longevity, she became a symbol of endurance for generations of visitors who witnessed her remarkable life story.

Life and Legacy at the San Diego Zoo

Gramma was born in her native Galápagos habitat and later transferred to the United States. Records indicate she arrived at the San Diego Zoo from the Bronx Zoo in either 1928 or 1931, forming part of the zoo’s earliest group of Galápagos tortoises. Over the decades, she became a favourite among visitors for her calm, shy nature and her imposing size.

A Century of Change Around Her

Her long lifespan meant she lived through major moments in global history, including two World Wars and the tenure of 20 US presidents. Many visitors shared memories of meeting her as children and later bringing their own families to see her. Care specialists affectionately referred to her as “the Queen of the Zoo,” reflecting her status as a cherished long-time resident.

Declining Health and Passing

In recent years, Gramma developed age-related bone conditions that progressively worsened. After assessing her deteriorating quality of life, veterinarians made the decision to humanely euthanise her on 20 November. Her passing prompted an outpouring of tributes from the public, highlighting her role in inspiring interest in tortoise conservation.

Exam Oriented Facts

• Galápagos tortoises can live beyond 100 years in the wild and longer in captivity.
• The oldest known Galápagos tortoise, Harriet, lived to 175 years.
• There are 15 subspecies of Galápagos tortoises, with several classified as vulnerable or critically endangered.
• More than 10,000 juvenile tortoises have been released into the wild since 1965 through conservation programmes.

Conservation Status and Global Efforts

Galápagos tortoises remain conservation priorities due to habitat pressures and historical exploitation. Captive-breeding initiatives across international zoos have recorded significant success, with recent hatchings reported from institutions in Philadelphia and Miami. Gramma’s life continues to underscore the importance of long-term conservation commitments for these iconic reptiles.