Brandt’s Hedgehog Discovered in Jammu and Kashmir

A new species of hedgehog, never before recorded in India, has been discovered in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, marking a significant addition to the country’s known biodiversity. The finding has been confirmed through DNA analysis and detailed morphological studies conducted by wildlife experts.

First-Ever Sighting in Rajouri-Poonch Region

The hedgehog was first officially sighted in 2024 in the Rajouri–Poonch sector by the Jammu and Kashmir Wildlife Department. Initially, the animal was believed to be the long-eared Indian hedgehog. However, scientific examination later established it as Brandt’s hedgehog (Paraechinus hypomelas), a species not previously reported anywhere in India. This makes the discovery a first not only for Jammu and Kashmir but for the entire country.

Scientific Validation and Expert Collaboration

The confirmation was achieved through DNA profiling and morphometric analysis carried out by the wildlife department in collaboration with academic institutions. The findings were presented at the sixth meeting of the J&K Wildlife Board, chaired by Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha, in December. The study was led by wildlife warden Amit Sharma along with researchers from the University of Jammu and Osmania University, Hyderabad.

Biogeographical Significance and Range Expansion

Brandt’s hedgehog has so far been known to occur in countries such as Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and parts of Central Asia. Its presence in Jammu and Kashmir suggests a possible range expansion, potentially influenced by factors such as climate change, habitat connectivity, and food availability. The species was primarily found in ecotone zones between agricultural fields and forested areas and is known to feed on rodents.

Imporatnt Facts for Exams

• Brandt’s hedgehog (Paraechinus hypomelas) has been recorded in India for the first time.
• The species was discovered in the Rajouri–Poonch region of Jammu and Kashmir.
• DNA analysis and morphometric studies were used for species confirmation.
• Range expansion may be linked to climate change and habitat connectivity.

Conservation Implications and Future Research

The discovery underlines the need for targeted conservation planning in the region. Experts have recommended detailed habitat assessments and long-term monitoring to understand population dynamics. A research paper on the discovery has been submitted to international journals, and the species is expected to be included in the Zoological Survey of India’s annual list of newly recorded species.