Defence Current Affairs MCQs

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Russian President Vladimir Putin warned that supplying long-range missiles to Ukraine would trigger a “completely new stage of escalation.” He emphasized that such a move could significantly heighten tensions between Washington (USA) and Moscow (Russia). The statement reflects Russia’s concerns over extended-range weapons reaching Ukrainian forces. Tomahawk is a long-range, subsonic cruise missile developed by the United States for land-attack missions. It is launched from ships or submarines using a Vertical Launch System for highly accurate strikes.

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The Indian Navy commissioned INS Androth, the second Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW-SWC), on 6th October 2025 at Naval Dockyard, Visakhapatnam. It was built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata. INS Androth has over 80% indigenous content, symbolising ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat’. The vessel is 77 metres long, displaces about 1500 tonnes, and is designed for anti-submarine operations in coastal and shallow waters. It is equipped with advanced weapons, sensors, and communication systems to detect, track, and neutralise underwater threats.

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Recently, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), with the Integrated Defence Staff and Tri-Services, released Indian Radio Software Architecture (IRSA) Standard 1.0. It is India’s first national specification for Software Defined Radios (SDR). IRSA 1.0 standardizes how different radio systems communicate securely and efficiently. Its vision is to make IRSA a global benchmark and promote export of IRSA-compliant SDR solutions to friendly nations. It defines interfaces, Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), execution environments, waveform portability, and SDR interoperability. It was developed under the Standardization of Indigenous SDR initiative by the Directorate of Standardization (DoS), Department of Defence Production (DDP), Ministry of Defence (MoD).

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A week after Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif’s Washington visit, the United States (US) confirmed supplying advanced air-to-air missiles to Pakistan. Pakistan will receive AIM-120 Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missiles (AMRAAM) under a modified arms contract with Raytheon, US defence company,valued at over $2.51 billion. The AMRAAM is a beyond-visual-range (BVR) missile with “fire-and-forget” capability, speed up to Mach 4, and all-weather operation. AMRAAM is developed by the United States, compatible with F-16 jets, and also used on F-15, F-22, F-35, and other fighter aircraft worldwide.

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NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) conducts an annual nuclear deterrence exercise called Steadfast Noon. The exercise tests NATO’s nuclear deterrent readiness. It is hosted by a different NATO country each year. In 2025, the Netherlands is hosting Steadfast Noon at Volkel Air Base. Other participating bases are Kleine Brogel (Belgium), Lakenheath (Britain), and Skrydstrup (Denmark). Finland, Poland, United States, Germany, and other allies are participants. Around 70 aircraft from 14 allied nations will take part, including conventional and dual-capable aircraft.

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Taiwan will build a more defensive air system called “T-Dome” to counter China’s military actions. President Lai Ching-te unveiled T-Dome to modernise Taiwan’s defence sector and increase military and political pressure. Taiwan is expanding its military and defence spending but faces pressure from China’s large and advanced military. T-Dome supports Taiwan’s asymmetric warfare approach, creating a multi-layer defence shield. Taiwan aims to increase defence spending to 5% of GDP by 2030. T-Dome strengthens Taiwan’s ability to target larger military forces despite Beijing’s rising defence budget and new weapons development.

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Indian Naval Ship (INS) Sahyadri made a port call at Busan Naval Harbour, South Korea, on 13 October 2025. It participated in the first-ever Indian Navy (IN) – Republic of Korea Navy (RoKN) Bilateral Exercise. The visit highlights the growing Navy-to-Navy interactions and Strategic Partnership between India and South Korea. INS Sahyadri, an indigenously built Shivalik Class Guided Missile Stealth Frigate, was commissioned in 2012. The ship is based at Visakhapatnam under the Eastern Naval Command. The exercise includes harbour and sea phases, with joint drills, cross-deck visits, and training.

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India has recently proposed the supply of the Akash missile system to Brazil, during Defence Minister’s talks with Brazilian Vice-President Geraldo Alckmin in New Delhi. Akash is a short-range surface-to-air missile (SAM) system. It is designed to protect vulnerable areas and assets from aerial threats like fighter jets, drones, helicopters, and cruise missiles. It was indigenously developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). The missile is produced by Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) in Hyderabad. It is currently in service with both the Indian Air Force (IAF) and the Indian Army.

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The Indian Navy received ‘Mahe’, the first of eight Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Crafts (ASW SWCs) on 23 October. The vessel is built by Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL), Kochi. It is named after the historic port town of Mahe in Puducherry, it honors India’s maritime legacy. ‘Mahe’ is indigenously designed and constructed with over 80% indigenous content under the ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat’ initiative. The vessel can perform underwater surveillance, Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW), Low Intensity Maritime Operations (LIMO), and mine-laying in coastal waters.

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Indian Naval Ship (INS) Savitri recently arrived at Port Louis, Mauritius, during its Long-Range Operational Deployment to the South West Indian Ocean Region. INS Savitri is an indigenously built Offshore Patrol Vessel of the Indian Navy. It was built by Mazagon Dock Limited, Mumbai, and commissioned on 7 June 1990. The ship operates under the Eastern Naval Command based at Visakhapatnam. It performs roles like aerial surveillance, search and rescue, and patrol duties. It has a top speed of 15 knots (30 km/h) and is equipped with a 40×60 Bofors Gun and a helicopter deck for Chetak operations.