Current Affairs Quiz – September 2025

Notes:
The Ministry of Tribal Affairs launched the world’s first Digital Tribal University – Adi Sanskriti at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, during the National Conference on Adi Karmayogi Abhiyan. It is a digital academy and e-learning platform for tribal art, culture, crafts, and knowledge systems. The platform also has an online marketplace to showcase tribal products to national and global audiences. It aims to preserve tribal heritage while creating new livelihood opportunities. The initiative ensures dignity, empowerment, and opportunities for tribal communities at the grassroots level.

Notes:
Turakapalem village in Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, has seen 29 deaths due to Melioidosis. It is caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei found in soil and water. The government has declared a public health emergency in the area. The disease is seasonal, with 75–85% of cases during the rainy season. It has a high case fatality rate (CFR) of 16% to 50% in endemic regions. Endemic areas include Southeast Asia, northern Australia, Indian subcontinent, southern China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Currently, no vaccine is available, but early diagnosis and treatment are crucial.

Notes:
During Operation Sindoor, the Indian Army used its indigenous M-Sigma app on SAMBHAV (Secure Army Mobile Bharat Version) smartphones for secure communication. SAMBHAV replaced foreign apps like WhatsApp to prevent external surveillance. The system was launched in 2023 as India’s first fully indigenous secure mobile communication ecosystem. It supports 5G connectivity, multi-tier encryption, and network-agnostic operation for real-time secure communication. M-Sigma allows soldiers to exchange images, videos, and files safely. Nearly 30,000 SAMBHAV-enabled handsets were deployed by early 2024 among army officers. It was also used during military-level talks with China, ensuring secure diplomacy.

Notes:
Switzerland retained the No.1 spot in the International Institute for Management Development (IMD) World Talent Ranking (WTR) 2025 for the tenth consecutive year. Luxembourg rose to No.2, overtaking Singapore, which fell to No.7. Iceland improved from No.6 to No.3 in 2025. Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) climbed five places to No.4, its highest ever ranking. India ranked 63rd with a score of 36.06, continuing a downward trend in global talent competitiveness. International Institute for Management Development (IMD) World Talent Ranking (WTR) 2025 evaluates growth, retention, and attraction of highly-skilled workforce. Talent competitiveness is now key for long-term economic performance. Financial security drives global relocation more than pre-COVID-19 factors like lifestyle or language.

Notes:
Recently, a Forest Department patrol at Tipeshwar Wildlife Sanctuary (TWS), Maharashtra, discovered a poached pangolin. Tipeshwar Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Yavatmal district, Maharashtra. It is named after Goddess Tipai shrine in Tipeshwar village. The sanctuary lies in Patanbori and Parwa ranges of the Pandarkawad Forest Division. Four rivers—Purna, Krishna, Bhima, and Tapti—flow through it, making it the “Green Oasis of Eastern Maharashtra.” The land has basaltic volcanic soil and supports village livelihoods.

Notes:
Recently, a study in Nature Reviews Disease Primers gave an in-depth analysis of sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease where immune cells form granulomas in organs, mainly lungs. Granulomas are most common in lungs and lymph nodes but can also affect eyes, skin, heart, and other organs. Exact cause is unknown but linked to genetic changes and triggers like bacteria, viruses, dust, or chemicals. Symptoms range from mild to severe, including cough, breathlessness, shin sores, eye pain, and redness. Some cases resolve on their own, while others become chronic and may lead to fibrosis with lung scarring. There is no cure, but treatment with medicines reduces immune overreaction and prevents organ damage.

Notes:
Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare (MoAFW) used Artificial Intelligence (AI) to send early monsoon forecasts to farmers. Nearly 3.8 crore farmers across 13 states received AI-based weather forecasts via SMS through the m-Kisan platform. m-Kisan is an SMS-based platform that delivers agricultural advisories and services directly to farmers. It enables Central and State government organisations to send messages in farmers’ local languages. The portal considers farmers’ location and preferred agricultural practices while delivering advisories. It is designed to provide guidance on crops, weather, market updates, and government schemes.

Notes:
Union Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is planning to raise Border Wing Home Guards (BWHG) along the India-China border. Border Wing Home Guards (BWHG) already exist on the India-Pakistan border and act as support to the Army and border forces during emergencies. Seven States are authorised to have Border Wing Home Guards (BWHG)- Meghalaya, Tripura, Assam, West Bengal, Punjab, Rajasthan, and Gujarat. At present, only Rajasthan has active Border Wing Home Guards (BWHG).

Notes:
Recently, Australia approved the world’s first vaccine to protect koalas from Chlamydia. The koala bear (Phascolarctos cinereus) is an arboreal herbivorous marsupial native to Australia. Koalas are asocial, meeting mainly during breeding, and spend most of their time in eucalyptus trees eating and sleeping. They live in open forests to woodlands across Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia. Chlamydia causes urinary infections, infertility, blindness, and death, responsible for half of koala deaths in the wild. It is listed as Vulnerable by IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature), they face threats from disease, habitat loss, climate change, and road collisions.

Notes:
Recently, the Lok Sabha Speaker inaugurated a two-day National Conference on the Parliamentary and Legislative Committee on Empowerment of Women in Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh. The conference highlighted the creation of several opportunities supporting women’s development. A law ensuring 33% reservation for women in legislatures was underlined as a key step toward empowerment. The conference concluded by adopting the ‘Tirupati Resolution’. The Tirupati Resolution outlined a roadmap for advancing women’s education, health, safety, dignity, and self-reliance toward Viksit Bharat by 2047.