11. What is the name of the next-generation two-seater electric trainer aircraft being developed in India?
[A] E-Surya
[B] E-Hansa
[C] E-Vikrant
[D] E-Akash
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [E-Hansa]
Notes:
India is developing Electric Hansa (E-Hansa), a next-generation two-seater electric trainer aircraft to promote self-reliance. E-Hansa is being developed indigenously by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research–National Aerospace Laboratories (CSIR–NAL), Bengaluru. It is nearly half the cost of imported trainer aircraft, making it a cost-effective option for pilot training. E-Hansa is part of the HANSA-3 (Next Generation) program aimed at supporting affordable and local aviation training.
12. Which organization developed the India’s High-Altitude Platform (HAP) prototype, a solar-powered, unmanned aircraft?
[A] National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL)
[B] Bharat Electronics Ltd (BEL)
[C] Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
[D] Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL)]
Notes:
In a recent development, India’s High-Altitude Platform (HAP) prototype designed by National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) successfully completed pre-monsoon flight tests with a certified autopilot system. A High-Altitude Platform (HAP) is an unmanned, solar-powered aircraft that flies in the stratosphere at 17 to 22 kilometers altitude. It serves as a middle layer between ground systems and satellites for continuous aerial services. It was developed by NAL, Bengaluru, under the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). The Aeronautical Test Range (ATR) at Chitradurga, Karnataka supported its development. It is designed for border patrolling, surveillance in remote areas, and civil-military use. It can also act as a relay for telecommunications and weather monitoring.
13. Where was the Medium-Range Surface-to-Air Missile (MRSAM) India Eco-System Summit 2.0 held?
[A] New Delhi
[B] Hyderabad
[C] Chennai
[D] Bengaluru
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [New Delhi]
Notes:
The Centre for Joint Warfare Studies (CENJOWS), along with Aerospace Services India (ASI) and Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI), hosted the Medium-Range Surface-to-Air Missile (MRSAM) India Eco-System Summit 2.0 in New Delhi on May 07, 2025. The summit aimed to boost India’s air and missile defence capabilities under the Aatmanirbhar Bharat and Make-in-India missions. It brought together key players from the Ministry of Defence (MoD), Armed Forces, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Bharat Electronics Limited, and Bharat Dynamics Limited. The event highlighted the growing India-Israel defence cooperation and the shared goal of making India a global defence hub.
14. Consider the following pairs regarding India’s maritime initiatives and their objectives:
- White Shipping Agreements – Exchange of commercial shipping information
- IFC-IOR (Information Fusion Centre – IOR) – Enhance regional maritime domain awareness
- Sagarmala Project – Promote shipbuilding and naval modernization
- AIKEYME – Strengthen maritime cooperation with African countries
Which of the pairs is/are correctly matched?
[A] 1 and 2 only
[B] 1, 2 and 4 only
[C] 2 and 3 only
[D] 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [1, 2 and 4 only]
Notes:
The White Shipping Agreements are indeed for exchange of commercial shipping information. Secondly, IFC-IOR is responsible for enhancing regional maritime domain awareness. However, the Sagarmala Project is not primarily for promoting shipbuilding and naval modernization, but for port infrastructure and coastal economic development. Finally, AIKEYME is rightly paired with strengthening of maritime cooperation with African countries.
15. Where was South India’s first Air-conditioned EMU (Electric Multiple Unit) train service introduced?
[A] Hyderabad
[B] Chennai
[C] Kochi
[D] Visakhapatnam
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Chennai]
Notes:
South India’s first Air-Conditioned Electric Multiple Unit (AC EMU) train has started operations on the Chennai Beach-Chengalpattu corridor. This marks a major milestone for Chennai’s suburban rail network, which is a key transport system for the city and nearby areas. The service is operated by the Chennai division of Southern Railway. It is the first AC EMU service in southern India, according to officials. The train has advanced features like automatic doors and a passenger information system, offering a more comfortable and modern travel experience.
16. What is the name of the military exercise conducted by the Indian Air Force following the Pahalgam terror attack?
[A] Exercise Vayu Shakti
[B] Exercise Aakraman
[C] Exercise Shourya
[D] Exercise Thunder Strike
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Exercise Aakraman]
Notes:
Following the deadly Pahalgam terror attack in Jammu and Kashmir, the Indian Air Force (IAF) conducted “Exercise Aakraman” (Attack). The exercise took place over a large area in the central sector and involved IAF’s mainstream fighter aircraft, led by Rafale combat jets. The IAF operates two Rafale squadrons based in Ambala and Hashimara, West Bengal. In a show of strength, fighter jets and transport aircraft were active through the night, flying close to the border areas. Airborne Warning and Control System (AWACS)-equipped aircraft conducted intense surveillance of enemy movements.
17. With reference to the Athlete Passport Management Unit (APMU), recently inaugurated in India, consider the following statements:
- It is dedicated to monitoring and managing Athlete Biological Passports (ABPs).
- India is the first country in Asia to host such a unit.
- The APMU aims to enhance fairness in sports by detecting long-term doping patterns.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
[A] 1 and 2 only
[B] 1 and 3 only
[C] All of them
[D] 2 and 3 only
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [1 and 3 only]
Notes:
Statement 1 is correct as APMU’s role is to monitor and manage Athlete Biological Passports (ABPs).
Statement 2 is incorrect as India is not the first country in Asia to host such a unit, it hosts the 17th such unit globally.
Statement 3 is correct as the main purpose of APMU is to ensure fairness in sports by detecting long term doping patterns.
18. With reference to Swap Donor Organ Transplantation (SW donor transplantation) in India, consider the following statements:
- It allows organ exchange between unrelated donor-recipient pairs across states.
- It is legally permitted under the Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 1994.
- The provision for SW donor transplantation was incorporated through an amendment in 2011.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 2 and 3
[C] Only 1 and 3
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 2 and 3]
Notes:- Statement 1 is incorrect – SW transplantation is allowed only between near relatives, not unrelated pairs.
- Statements 2 and 3 are correct – The 2011 amendment to the Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 1994 included the provision for swap transplantation.
19. Consider the following matching of India’s space missions with their primary objectives:
- NISAR – Detect small-scale changes on Earth’s surface
- EOS-09 – Capture high-resolution images during day and night
- Axiom-4 – Conduct lunar mapping from a space station
- TV-D2 – Simulate abort in human spaceflight scenario
How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
[A] Only one
[B] Only two
[C] Three
[D] All four
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Three]
Notes:
NISAR is indeed designed to monitor small-scale changes on Earth which includes glaciers, forests, etc.
EOS-09 is an observational satellite for both day and night.
Axiom-4 is a private crewed mission to the ISS and not for lunar mapping, hence it is incorrectly matched.
TV-D2 accurately simulates abort in the Gaganyaan programme, hence correctly matched.
20. With reference to the recent statements on United Nations Security Council (UNSC) reforms, consider the following statements:
- The current membership of the UN Security Council includes 11 permanent members and 14 non-permanent members.
- India, as part of the G4, advocates for text-based negotiations to expedite UNSC reform.
- The IGN process focuses on five key clusters, including regional representation and veto power.
- Ambassador Tareq AlBanai, Co-Chair of the Intergovernmental Negotiations, is India’s Permanent Representative to the UN.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
[A] 1 and 2 only
[B] 2 and 3 only
[C] 1, 3 and 4 only
[D] 2, 3 and 4 only
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [2 and 3 only]
Notes:- Statement 1 is incorrect: The current UNSC consists of 5 permanent members and 10 non-permanent members.
- Statement 2 is correct: India, as part of the G4, has urged for text-based negotiations.
- Statement 3 is correct: The five clusters include regional representation, veto power, working methods, membership categories, and UNSC-General Assembly relationship.
- Statement 4 is incorrect: Tareq AlBanai is Kuwait’s Permanent Representative, not India’s.
