Oil Spill Near Kerala
On May 25, 2025, a Liberian-flagged cargo ship named MSC ELSA 3 capsized off the coast of Kerala. The vessel was carrying 640 containers, including hazardous materials. Fortunately, all crew members were rescued by the Indian Coast Guard and a Navy ship. However, the incident has sparked fears of a potential oil spill, prompting immediate response measures.
About Oil Spills
An oil spill occurs when petroleum products leak into oceans or rivers. This can happen due to natural disasters, human error, or equipment failure. Oil spills can severely impact marine ecosystems. Oil forms a layer on water, blocking sunlight and disrupting photosynthesis. This affects marine plants and phytoplankton, which are essential for oxygen production.
Environmental Impact
The consequences of oil spills vary based on several factors. These include the type of oil, volume of the spill, and proximity to sensitive ecosystems. Marine life suffers immediate dangers from toxic exposure. Birds may lose insulation due to oil-coated feathers, leading to hypothermia. Fish and invertebrates face reproductive challenges. The long-term impact can be deep, as seen in the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill.
Regulations on Oil Spills
The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) governs oil spill prevention. India is a signatory to MARPOL, which includes provisions for preventing pollution from ships. The convention has six annexes covering various types of pollution. The Merchant Shipping Act in India complements these regulations, ensuring compliance among ships in Indian waters.
Oil Spill Response Techniques
Cleaning up oil spills involves several methods. Skimming removes oil from the surface before it reaches the shore. In situ burning involves burning concentrated patches of oil. Chemical dispersants break down oil into smaller droplets, aiding microbial consumption. However, cleanup is challenging due to oil’s rapid spread and varying properties.
Public Safety Measures
The Kerala State Disaster Management Authority (KSDMA) has advised the public to avoid touching any cargo or oil that may wash ashore. Citizens are encouraged to report any sightings of containers or oil. The Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) has warned that spilled oil could reach certain coastal areas within 36-48 hours, necessitating prompt action to mitigate environmental damage.
| Related | |
|---|---|
