Technology Perspective and Capability Roadmap (TPCR-2025)
India’s Ministry of Defence has revealed the Technology Perspective and Capability Roadmap (TPCR-2025). This 15-year strategic plan focuses on strengthening India’s nuclear deterrence and expanding drone warfare capabilities. The roadmap signals a shift towards integrated deterrence combining advanced nuclear resilience, unmanned systems, and electronic warfare. It aligns with India’s goal of self-reliance in defence technology and prepares the armed forces for future multi-domain conflicts.
TPCR-2025
TPCR-2025 is a comprehensive blueprint guiding India’s Army, Navy, and Air Force. It outlines future technology needs and capability development up to 2040. The document encourages domestic industry and research institutions to align their innovation efforts with military requirements. It emphasises indigenisation to reduce foreign dependence and enhance strategic autonomy.
Nuclear Deterrence Enhancements
The roadmap prioritises survivability of nuclear forces through advanced delivery platforms and command systems. It includes nuclear command-and-control infrastructure upgrades and radiation detection tools. Mobile decontamination units and unmanned ground vehicles for CBRN (chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear) reconnaissance are planned to strengthen defence against nuclear or chemical threats.
Expansion of Drone Warfare
The Army plans to acquire stealth drones with a 1,500 km range and operational ceilings of 60,000 feet. These remotely piloted aircraft will carry electronic warfare payloads and NBC detection equipment. Loitering munitions with AI-enabled targeting and reusable warheads are set to enhance precision strike capabilities. Integrated surveillance and targeting drones will support mechanised forces on the battlefield.
Counter-Drone and Electronic Warfare
TPCR-2025 addresses threats from hostile drone swarms. It proposes adaptive jamming systems and electronic denial zones with a 15 km radius to neutralise such attacks. This marks the growing role of electronic warfare in modern combat scenarios. The plan also includes AI-enabled cyber tools and quantum communication networks to boost cyber and space defence.
Service-Specific Modernisation
The Navy will develop nuclear propulsion systems and a next-generation aircraft carrier with Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS). It will also induct autonomous underwater vehicles and fast interceptor craft. The Army aims to replace ageing vehicles with 1,800 Future Ready Combat Vehicles and procure light tanks for mountain warfare. The Air Force will deploy laser weapons, stealth bomber drones, and high-altitude pseudo-satellites for persistent surveillance.
Cross-Cutting Technologies
Over 500 hypersonic missiles with scramjet propulsion will be developed for all three services, enhancing strategic deterrence. AI, machine learning, and digital twin simulations will enable predictive and data-driven warfare. Sustainability is integrated via green logistics and energy-efficient systems, reflecting a modern defence strategy.
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