World History MCQs

Notes:
A uranium gun-type atomic bomb (Little Boy) was dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945. It was followed by a plutonium implosion-type bomb (Fat Man) on the city of Nagasaki on August 9, 1945. The twin bombings led to Japan’s surrender in the Second War.

Notes:
German dictator Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) advocated Nazism in Germany. led the extreme nationalist and racist Nazi party and served as chancellor-president of Germany from 1933 to 1945. Nazism advocated militant nationalism, war and aggressive imperialism and precipitated the outbreak of the Second World War. Nazism under Hitler led to the extermination of approximately 6 million Jews.

Notes:
The members of the National Assembly went to a nearby Tennis Court and took an oath to frame a new constitution. This is known as Tennis Court Oath.

Notes:
In the 16th and 17th centuries, the practice of enclosure was denounced by the Church, and legislation was drawn up against it. However, the mechanization of agriculture during the 18th century required large, enclosed fields. This led to a series of government acts, culminating finally in the General Enclosure Act of 1801. By the end of the 19th century the process of enclosure was largely complete.

Notes:
The immediate cause was the assassination of Arch Duke Francis Ferdinand who was heir to the Austrian throne. Arch Duke Francis Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated by Serbians in the Bosnian capital Sarajevo when they paid a visit to this city on 28th June 1914. The news of this murder shocked many countries. Austria-Hungary was already sick of Serbia and she decided to take advantage of the new situation to crush her. The murder of their crown prince and his wife resulted in an ultimatum being sent to Serbia for immediate compliance of certain terms. Serbia’s reply did not pacify Austria-Hungary. Hence, Austria-Hungary backed by Germany declared war on Serbia. Russia mobilised her forces in favour of Serbia.

Notes:
In 1912 Benito Mussolini started the editing of Avanti!, a socialist journal. He was a bitter opponent of the Church.

Notes:
In October 1936, On the basis of an agreement Germany approved Italian control over Abyssinia and Italy granted permission to Hitler to annex Austria with Germany. Hitler was antagonistic towards Russian Communism. Therefore Hitler in November 1936, signed an Anti-Commintern Pact with Japan, another enemy of Russia. In November 1937, Italy was admitted into the alliance. This Anti Commintern pact was otherwise called as Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis. This Axis was formed against England, France and Russia. This was the beginning of Second World War.

Notes:
With the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the collapse of Communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe occurred. The bipolar world became unipolar world. On 31st July 1991, American President George Bush and Soviet leader Michael Gorbachev signed the ‘historic’ START – I Treaty in the Moscow Summit. This marks the end of the Era of Cold War.

Notes:
The Portuguese were the first Europeans in the slave trade, completing their initial transatlantic voyage to Brazil in 1526. They primarily sourced slaves for labor on plantations in Atlantic Africa, Brazil, and the Caribbean, with a smaller number sent to Europe. The transatlantic slave trade, active from the 16th to 19th centuries, involved trading slaves among Europe, Africa, and the Americas, forming a triangular trade system.

Notes:
The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising in 1943 was a pivotal moment in Polish history, marking the largest Jewish revolt during the Holocaust. It was a courageous act of resistance against the Nazi forces occupying Poland, as the Jewish inhabitants of the Warsaw Ghetto fought fiercely for their dignity and freedom, despite facing overwhelming odds.