States PCS: Jharkhand GK for JPSC and other Jharkhand State Exams

Notes:
Asbestos mines in Jharkhand are primarily located in Giridih and Koderma districts. These areas contain deposits of chrysotile and amphibole asbestos varieties totaling about 0.150 million tonnes. Other districts like Dumka do not have significant asbestos deposits. The Indian Minerals Yearbook 2022 records no active asbestos mines currently, but historically, Giridih and Koderma were the main mining sites. Sites such as Roro Hills in West Singhbhum are abandoned and not considered active sources.

Notes:
Sahebganj district in Jharkhand has two subdivisions: Sahibganj and Rajmahal. Rajmahal subdivision includes blocks such as Taljhari, Rajmahal, Udhwa, Pathna, and Barharwa. The other options, Mandro, Borio, and Barhet, are community development blocks within the Sahibganj subdivision and not separate subdivisions. This administrative structure is defined in the Jharkhand government district profile and official district websites.

Notes:
Palamu Tiger Reserve is the largest protected area in Jharkhand, covering 1,129.93 sq.km. It includes Betla National Park and was declared a tiger reserve in 1973. The reserve spreads over Palamu, Latehar, and Garhwa districts. It has a core area of 414.08 sq.km and a buffer zone of 715.85 sq.km. The reserve hosts tigers, elephants, leopards, and over 174 bird species. Palkot Wildlife Sanctuary, in comparison, spans 183.18 sq.km only.

Notes:
According to the Department of Agriculture, Jharkhand, 92% of cultivated land is unirrigated. Jharkhand’s net irrigated area is only 0.16 million hectares, constituting 9.3% of cultivated land. The state’s agriculture depends mainly on rainfall due to limited irrigation facilities. The terrain and soil conditions restrict irrigation infrastructure development in Jharkhand. This reliance on monsoon rainfall affects agricultural productivity.

Notes:
The Ho Renaissance movement took place among the Ho tribe in Jharkhand during 1950-52. Bodras led this movement to address exploitation and cultural revival. The Ho tribe is primarily found in Singhbhum, Jharkhand. The movement was a distinct tribal revival effort post-independence, different from struggles involving Oraon, Munda, or Santhal tribes. Bodras aimed to combat land alienation and socio-economic challenges faced by the Ho tribal community.

Notes:
The Munda community uses the Baees Padha system for self-governance. A Padha refers to a group of villages collectively governed under this traditional system. This system exists mainly in Jharkhand districts like Ranchi, Khunti, West Singhbhum, and Saraikela Kharsawan, along with parts of Odisha. Each Padha includes 12-18 revenue villages. The system involves the 22 killis or tribes maintaining governance roles within the Padha structure.

Notes:
The Bhumij tribe used the surname ‘Chuhad’. In districts of Jharkhand such as Singhbhum, Ranchi, Hazaribagh, and Palamu, people living in dense forests were called Chuhar or Chuhad by Mughals due to their revolts. During British rule in regions like Jungle Mahals and Dhalbhum, the term was applied to the Bhumij tribe. The Bhumij led the Chuar Rebellion from 1766 to 1834 against East India Company revenue policies.

Notes:
In Munda society of Jharkhand, Desauli is a presiding village deity worshipped alongside Jaher Buri and Chandi Bonga. The Munda community follows the Munda-Manki administrative system with Munda as the head and Pahaan as the priest. Desauli holds ritual significance in the region’s cultural practices, especially in Jharkhand’s Khunti district and Chhotanagpur Plateau areas where Mundas are dominant.

Notes:
Jharkhand has 32 recognized tribal groups. These tribes include Munda, Santhal, Oraon, Kharia, and Ho. Approximately 26.3% of Jharkhand’s population belongs to scheduled tribes, totaling over 7 million people. Eight tribes are classified as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs). Most tribal populations are concentrated in districts such as Ranchi, Dumka, and Singhbhum, with 91.7% living in rural areas.

Notes:
The Mahali tribe in Jharkhand is recognized for their skill in bamboo craft. They produce bamboo baskets, hunting, and fishing gear mainly in the Singhbhum district. Jharkhand’s Simdega region features tribal communities like the MahalI engaged in bamboo furniture and décor making. Other tribes such as Yal, Ho, and Kharia also work with bamboo, but the Mahali tribe is specifically noted for bamboo art proficiency. Tribes like Kisan, Kora, and Korva are not associated with this craft in Jharkhand.