11. Bagasse, a by-product of sugarcane can be used for which of the following?
- Alcohol prodiction
- Livestock feeding stock
- Carbon cortex
- Plastic
Choose the correct answer using the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 3
[B] Only 3 & 4
[C] Only 1, 2 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 3 & 4]
Notes:- Bagasse can be used for manufacturing paper pulp, insulating board, plastic, carbon cortex etc.
- Molasses from sugar cane is used for alcohol production and livestock feeding since it is highly nutritious.
12. With respect to the minimum legal drinking age, consider the following statements:- Sale of alcohol is prohibited in all North eastern states except Assam.
- Minimum age for purchasing alcohol is 18 in all UTs except Lakshadweep.
- Haryana has reduced the minimum legal age from 25 to 21.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
[A] Only 3
[B] Only 1 & 3
[C] Only 2 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 3]
Notes:
The Haryana government has amended its Excise Act, lowering the legal drinking age from 25 to 21 years. In India, the minimum age for purchasing alcohol varies: 18 years in Goa, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Sikkim, and Puducherry. 21 years in Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Chhattisgarh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Mizoram, Odisha, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal. and 25 years (now 21) in Haryana, Meghalaya, Punjab, and Delhi. Alcohol sales are prohibited in Bihar, Gujarat, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, and Lakshadweep.
13. With reference to various forms of hepatitis, consider the following statements:
- While hepatitis A, B and C are caused by different viruses, hepatitis D and E are caused by over consumption of alcohol
- While hepatitis A and B are caused by RNA Virus, Hepatitis C is caused by DNA Virus
Which of the above is / are correct statements?
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Neither 1 nor 2 ]
Notes:
Viral hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver caused by five types of viruses: A, B, C, D, and E. Hepatitis B is caused by a DNA virus, while the others are RNA viruses. Hepatitis C leads to 3 million new infections annually, primarily spread through blood, with no available vaccine. Only 21% of infections are diagnosed, and 62% receive treatment. Hepatitis B causes 1.1 million new infections each year, with only 10% diagnosed and 22% treated.
14. Which of the following is/are true for yeast :
- They are single-celled organisms.
- They respire aerobically and during this process yield alcohol.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 and 2
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1]
Notes:
Yeasts are single-celled organisms. They respire anaerobically and during this process yield alcohol. They are, therefore, used to make wine and beer.
15. Which of the following are correctly matched?
(Symbol) – (state)
- Aq: soluble In alcohol
- l: liquid
- s: solid
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 2 and 3
[C] Only 1 and 3
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 2 and 3]
Notes:
To make a chemical equation more informative, the physical state of the reactants and products are mentioned along with their chemical formulae. The gaseous, liquid, aqueous and solid states of reactants and products are represented by the notations (g), (l), (aq) and (s), respectively. The word aqueous (aq) is written if the reactant or product is present as a solution in water.
16. Which of the following is/are true for ethanol?
- Ethanol is an important industrial solvent.
- Dyes added to alcohol is called as denatured alcohol.
- It can be used as a fuel.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 2 and 3
[C] Only 1 and 3
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1 and 2]
Notes:
Ethanol is an important industrial solvent. To prevent the misuse of ethanol produced for industrial use, it is made unfit for drinking by adding poisonous substances like methanol to it. Dyes are also added to colour the alcohol blue so that it can be identified easily. This is called denatured alcohol. Sugarcane juice can be used to prepare molasses which is fermented to give alcohol (ethanol). Some countries now use alcohol as an additive in petrol since it is a cleaner fuel which gives rise to only carbon dioxide and water on burning in sufficient air (oxygen).
17. Which of the following are correctly matched?
(Symbol) – (state)
- aq- soluble in alcohol
- l- liquid
- s- solid
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 2 and 3
[C] Only 1 and 3
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 2 and 3]
Notes:
To make a chemical equation more informative, the physical state of the reactants and products are mentioned along with their chemical formulae. The gaseous, liquid, aqueous and solid states of reactants and products are represented by the notations (g), (l), (aq) and (s), respectively. The word aqueous (aq) is written if the reactant or product is present as a solution in water.
18. Which substance is produced when alcohol is added with petrol and used as a fuel?
[A] Only oxygen
[B] Only carbondioxide
[C] Only water
[D] Carbon-dioxide and water both
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only carbondioxide]
Notes:When alcohol (methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol) is mixed with petrol and used as a fuel, it produces carbon dioxide. Adding alcohol enhances the octane contents in the fuel and hence acts as anti-knocking agent.
- Butanol combustion : C4H9OH + 6O2 —> 4CO2 + 5H2O + heat
- Propanol combustion : 2C3H7OH + 9O2 —> 6CO2 + 8H2O + heat
19. A mixture of water and alcohol can be separated by:
[A] Filtration
[B] Evaporation
[C] Decantation
[D] Distillation
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Distillation]
Notes:
A mixture of water and alcohol is separated by the process of distillation because they hve a difference of more than 25°C in their boiling points. At 78°C, alcohol starts to vaporize. The vapours are condensed in the condenser and alcohol is collected in the receiver leaving water in distillant in flask.
20. Consider the following statements on Agriculture Infrastructure Development Cess:
- It was announced in Bugdet 2022-23.
- It will be levied on alcoholic beverages, imported apple, imported pulses etc.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 2]
Notes:- The Budget for 2021-22 has proposed a new levy — Agriculture Infrastructure Development Cess. Cess is a kind of special-purpose tax which is levied over and above basic tax rates. The purpose of the new AIDC is to raise funds to finance spending on developing agriculture infrastructure.
- The new cess will be levied on 29 products, prominent among which are gold, silver, imported apple, imported alcohol (excluding beer), imported pulses, imported palm oil, imported urea, and petrol/diesel including branded ones.
- Agricultural infrastructure cess of 100 per cent has been proposed on alcoholic beverages, while on gold, silvers and dore bar, it’s 2.5 per cent. On apples, it’s 35 per cent, while on cotton it’s 5 per cent.
