Lung Cancer Awareness Month 2025

November is observed globally as Lung Cancer Awareness Month, dedicated to raising awareness about the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. While smoking remains the most significant risk factor, mounting evidence now highlights air pollution as an emerging and serious contributor to lung cancer.

Rising Threat of Air Pollution

Air pollution is now recognised as a leading environmental cause of lung cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified outdoor air pollution and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as Group 1 carcinogens. These particles can penetrate deep into lung tissue, triggering inflammation, DNA damage, and ultimately cancerous growths. Even small increases in PM2.5 levels have been linked to higher incidences of lung adenocarcinoma, particularly among non-smokers.

Individual Steps for Protection

Though large-scale policy changes are crucial, individuals can still take meaningful steps to protect themselves. Quitting smoking remains the most effective prevention measure. Using high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters indoors, switching to clean cooking fuels, and ensuring proper ventilation help reduce exposure. On days with heavy smog, wearing N95 masks, avoiding outdoor exertion, and staying indoors can significantly cut risk levels.

Government Policies and Public Health Measures

National and local governments play a central role in curbing pollution-driven cancer risks. Policies promoting cleaner transportation, stricter industrial emission standards, renewable energy adoption, and urban green spaces are essential. Countries implementing these strategies have shown measurable declines in pollution-related lung cancer rates. Public awareness campaigns, health screenings, and early detection programmes can further improve survival outcomes.

Exam Oriented Facts

• Air pollution and PM2.5 are classified as carcinogenic to humans by IARC.
• Up to 18% of global lung cancer deaths are linked to air pollution exposure.
• Low-dose CT scans are recommended annually for individuals aged 50–80 with high smoking history.
• Switching from biomass fuels to clean energy reduces indoor air pollution-related cancer risks.

Importance of Awareness and Prevention

Lung Cancer Awareness Month 2025 emphasises that prevention is not limited to quitting tobacco but extends to addressing environmental hazards. No major city in the world fully meets WHO’s air quality standards, highlighting the urgency for joint efforts by governments, industries, and individuals. Early detection through screening, reduced exposure to pollutants, and public education remain the cornerstones of preventing this deadly disease.