India’s Mission Sudarshan Chakra Air Defence System
India’s Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has made stride by successfully testing an integrated air defence system. This development is part of Mission Sudarshan Chakra, announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, aimed to be fully operational by 2035. The system demonstrated the ability to intercept targets at multiple altitudes and ranges. This marks a major step towards a multi-layered air defence shield combining legacy and modern weaponry to counter evolving aerial threats.
Recent Developments
DRDO’s recent tests showcased the engagement of three targets simultaneously at different heights and distances. This marks the multi-tiered nature of the system, integrating Indian Air Force and Army air defence capabilities. It reflects India’s strategic focus on preparing for future warfare, which is expected to be fought at stand-off distances using advanced technologies.
Mission Sudarshan Chakra
Mission Sudarshan Chakra aims to create a comprehensive air defence umbrella by 2035. It combines long-range, medium-range, and short-range weapon systems. The mission recognises the need to counter both traditional aerial platforms and emerging threats like unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones. It emphasises a blend of legacy systems and new technologies to maintain operational effectiveness.
Legacy and Modern Systems Integration
India’s air defence relies on a mix of older systems such as Pechora, OSA-AK, L70, and indigenous Akashteer, alongside modern platforms like S-400 and SPYDER. Operation Sindoor demonstrated the success of this integration by executing strategic strikes using a multi-layered defence approach. This blend ensures cost-effectiveness and operational readiness while gradually upgrading capabilities.
Adapting to Future Warfare
Future conflicts will involve unmanned systems and long-range strikes. The shift from manned expensive platforms to numerous low-cost drones is transforming warfare. Sudarshan Chakra is designed to counter such threats with layered defences including man-portable air defence systems (MANPADS) like Iglas for low-flying drones. The system balances cutting-edge technology with proven legacy platforms.
Challenges and Strategic Importance
Countering low-tech aerial threats requires affordable and efficient solutions. Large-range systems must be supplemented by short-range weapons, including shoulder-fired options. Gradual upgrades and acquisitions ensure legacy systems remain effective without compromising operational capabilities. This approach prevents over-reliance on any single technology and maintains a versatile defence posture.
Global Context and Lessons
Global conflicts show the need for mixed capabilities. For instance, Iran’s extensive drone programme lacked success due to absence of a modern air force. This marks the importance of integrating legacy and modern systems. India’s approach aligns with this lesson, ensuring no single technology is treated as a magic bullet but rather a part of a comprehensive defence strategy.
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