India Explores Isobutanol Blending With Diesel Fuel
India is advancing its biofuel strategy by testing 10% isobutanol blends with diesel. The Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) is conducting trials after ethanol-diesel blends failed to meet expectations. This shift aims to boost energy security, support farmers, and reduce fossil fuel imports.
Ethanol Blending in India
Ethanol blending has been a key biofuel policy in India, especially in petrol. The country achieved 20% ethanol blending ahead of schedule. However, ethanol’s use with diesel faced technical barriers. Its corrosive nature and water absorption caused engine and pipeline issues. Despite this, ethanol blending raised farmer incomes . Corn prices doubled due to increased ethanol demand, benefiting rural economies.
Isobutanol
Isobutanol is a four-carbon alcohol used industrially as a solvent. It offers higher energy density than ethanol, closer to diesel’s energy content. It absorbs less water, reducing corrosion risks. These traits make it a promising diesel blend component. Isobutanol can also be used as a standalone fuel or mixed with compressed natural gas (CNG) for agricultural machinery.
Current Trials and Government Initiatives
ARAI is testing 10% isobutanol-diesel blends for engine compatibility and performance. The government is also exploring flex-fuel options combining isobutanol and CNG for tractors. This innovation supports the National Biofuel Policy (2018) goals of energy diversification and farmer welfare. The policy encourages sustainable energy and rural income growth.
Impact on Farmers and the Sugar Industry
The biofuel push has helped farmers earn over ₹42,000 crore from corn used in ethanol production. The sugar industry, linked to ethanol feedstock, is also expanding. Sugar production is expected to rise 20% in the 2025-26 season, aided by good monsoon and crop yields. Industry bodies urge the government to raise the fair and remunerative price (FRP) of sugarcane and increase export quotas to support mills and farmers.
Policy and Industry Recommendations
Government officials stress increasing ethanol output and exploring advanced biofuel technologies. Producers are encouraged to develop second and third-generation ethanol from bamboo and agricultural residues. Industry leaders seek revision of sugarcane pricing to match rising costs and better market access through export quota expansion. These steps aim to strengthen the biofuel sector and rural economies.
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