India Adds Two More Ramsar Wetlands In Bihar
India has recently added two more wetlands from Bihar to the Ramsar list of wetlands of international importance. This increases India’s total Ramsar sites to 93, the highest in Asia and third globally. The new sites are Gokul Jalashay in Buxar district and Udaipur Jheel in West Champaran district. These additions reflect India’s growing commitment to wetland conservation and biodiversity protection.
Ramsar Convention and Its Importance
The Ramsar Convention, adopted in 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, is an international treaty for wetland protection. It aims to conserve wetlands and promote their wise use. Currently, 172 countries are members. Wetlands are crucial for water regulation, flood control, and supporting biodiversity. They also provide resources like food and raw materials.
India’s Progress in Ramsar Site Designation
India’s Ramsar sites increased from 26 in 2012 to 93 in 2025. These sites cover over 1.36 million hectares. Since 2020, 51 wetlands were added, showing accelerated conservation efforts. India ranks third worldwide after the UK and Mexico in the number of Ramsar sites.
Details of Gokul Jalashay Wetland
Gokul Jalashay is an oxbow lake on the southern edge of the Ganga river. It acts as a natural buffer during floods, protecting nearby villages. The wetland supports over 50 bird species. Local communities depend on it for fishing, farming, and irrigation. Villagers annually clean the wetland during a traditional festival to maintain its health.
Details of Udaipur Jheel Wetland
Udaipur Jheel is another oxbow lake surrounding a village. It hosts over 280 plant species, including Alysicarpus roxburghianus, a herb endemic to India. The wetland is a winter habitat for about 35 migratory bird species, including the vulnerable common pochard. This marks its importance for biodiversity conservation.
Role of Wetlands in Ecology and Livelihoods
Wetlands regulate the hydrological cycle and reduce flood risks. They provide habitats for diverse flora and fauna. They also support livelihoods through fishing, agriculture, and raw materials. Protecting wetlands is vital for climate resilience and sustainable development.
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