Deep-Sea Mining
Recent studies have raised alarms about the potential effects of deep-sea mining on marine ecosystems. The Metals Company, a Canadian firm, seeks permits to mine the Pacific seabed. This area, known as the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ), is crucial for resources needed in the green transition. However, research indicates risks to marine life, particularly cetaceans like whales and dolphins.
Deep-Sea Mining
Deep-sea mining involves extracting minerals from the ocean floor. The CCZ spans approximately 6 million square kilometres and is rich in resources. The International Seabed Authority (ISA) oversees mining activities in international waters. Currently, 17 exploration contracts have been granted, but commercial mining has yet to commence.
Environmental Concerns
Two recent studies reveal critical gaps in knowledge about the impact of mining on marine life. The first study brought into light that 65% of taxonomic classes in the CCZ have not been studied for noise pollution effects. Noise from mining activities poses threat to biodiversity, particularly affecting species that rely on sound for communication.
Impact on Cetaceans
The second study documented the presence of vulnerable sperm whales and numerous dolphin groups in areas targeted for mining. Acoustic data collected over 13 days revealed that these cetaceans are sensitive to anthropogenic noise. Such sounds can disrupt their social interactions and foraging behaviours, potentially leading to displacement from vital habitats.
Legislative Context
Recently, the Trump administration expedited seabed mineral exploration licensing under the Deep Seabed Hard Mineral Resources Act. This act allows the US to pursue seabed mining despite not being a signatory to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). The ISA is currently working on a mining code to regulate these activities.
International Responses
The topic of deep-sea mining has garnered global attention. At the United Nations Ocean Conference, discussions brought into light the need for cautious navigation of this emerging industry. Many nations oppose deep-sea mining, citing environmental concerns and the need for comprehensive research.
| Related | |
|---|---|
