1. ‘The Fujiwhara Effect’ was seen in news recently, it is related to which of the following?
[A] Income inequality
[B] Gender inequality
[C] Digital Currency
[D] Tropical storms
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Tropical storms]
Notes:- The Fujiwhara Effect is any interaction between tropical storms formed around the same time in the same ocean region with their centers or eyes at a distance of less than 1,400 km, with an intensity that could vary between a depression (wind speed under 63 km per hour) and a super typhoon (wind speed over 209 km per hour).
- The Fujiwhara effect was identified by Sakuhei Fujiwhara, a Japanese meteorologist whose first paper recognizing the Fujiwhara cases was published in 1921. The first known instance of the effect was in 1964 in the western Pacific Ocean when typhoons Marie and Kathy merged.
- Issues:
- The occurrence of the Fujiwhara Effect makes cyclones more unpredictable due to their rapid intensification, carrying of more rain, and newer ways of moving over warming oceans.
- There is no comprehensive data on the observed cases of the Fujiwhara Effect.
2. Boundary disputes between the states are in news of late, with respect to these, Langpih is a major point of contention between which of the following states?
[A] Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand
[B] Himachal Pradesh and Jammu Kashmir
[C] Assam and Meghalaya
[D] Assam and Arunachal Pradesh
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Assam and Meghalaya]
Notes:- Meghalaya was carved out of Assam & became a full-fledged state in 1972. They share 884 km of border.
- Assam Reorganization (Meghalaya) Act of 1969 is based on Gopinath Bordoloi committee recommendations (1951).
- The six disputed sectors are:
- Tarabari, Gizang, Hahim, Boklapara, Khanapara-Pillangkata and Ratacherra under the Kamrup, Kamrup (Metro) and Cachar districts of Assam and the West Khasi Hills, Ri-Bhoi and East Jaintia Hills districts of Meghalaya.
- Langpih is a major point of contention between Assam and Meghalaya is the district of Langpih in West Garo Hills bordering the Kamrup district of Assam.
3. With respect to the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India, consider the following:
- Disputes between the Centre and one or more States
- Inter-State water disputes between two or more States
- Matters referred to the Finance Commission
- Recovery of damages by a State against the Centre
Which of the above come under the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court?
[A] Only 1
[B] 1 and 2
[C] 1, 3 and 4
[D] None except 1
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [None except 1]
Notes:
Only disputes between the Centre and one or more States (statement 1) fall within the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under Article 131. Inter-State water disputes, matters referred to the Finance Commission, and claims like recovery of damages are specifically excluded from this jurisdiction by constitutional provisions and relevant statutes.
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