Caste Census in Himachal Pradesh
The Government of India has announced a detailed caste Census in Himachal Pradesh, set to begin in 2026. This initiative aims to gather comprehensive data on the caste composition of the state, which has a diverse demographic landscape. The Census will start in snow-bound areas before expanding to the rest of the state in 2027. These areas face unique challenges due to their geographical conditions, making early enumeration essential.
Caste Composition of Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh has a population of approximately 77.56 lakh. Scheduled Castes (SCs) constitute around 25% of this population, while Other Backward Classes (OBCs) account for 13.52%. Scheduled Tribes (STs) make up about 5.71%. The state recognises 57 castes as SCs, with populations in districts like Kangra and Mandi. The Hattee community was granted ST status in 2023, adding complexity to the caste dynamics.
Census Methodology
The Census will be conducted by state government employees, including teachers and anganwadi workers. They will receive training in data collection methods. Enumerators will gather information through door-to-door surveys, utilising digital tools and paper forms. The process will include verification against official documents and the analysis of caste-related socio-economic data.
Ongoing Caste-Related Disputes
The Hattee community’s ST status is currently under judicial review. Some SC and OBC representatives have contested this status, fearing it may dilute benefits intended for marginalised groups. The Himachal Pradesh High Court has placed a stay on the notification, with a hearing scheduled for July 2027. The outcome may influence the Census process and the community’s status.
Political Implications
The caste Census is expected to have varying impacts on state politics. While some experts believe it will not change political dynamics, others argue it may reshape welfare policies. Out of 68 Assembly constituencies, 17 are reserved for SCs, and 3 for STs. Political analysts suggest that regional factors often overshadow caste considerations in electoral politics.
Expert Opinions
Political experts express differing views on the Census’s impact. Some argue that while it will provide valuable socio-economic data, it may not alter the existing political landscape. Others, like Onkar Chand Sharma, suggest that the Census could influence political dimensions in the state, as it marks the first comprehensive caste enumeration since 1931.
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