Amolops shillong
Scientists from the Zoological Survey of India announced the discovery of a new frog species, Amolops shillong, in Shillong, Meghalaya. This finding marks the intersection of urbanisation and biodiversity. The new species was identified in urban forest patches, demonstrating that cities can host unique ecosystems. Researchers collected three specimens from the city between 2022 and 2023. The discovery calls for integrating biodiversity conservation into urban planning.
Discovery Context
The Shillong cascade frog was found in the city’s Mawlai and Umrynjah localities. This species thrives in fast-flowing streams, showcasing urban areas as potential habitats for sensitive wildlife. The discovery was published in the Records of the Zoological Survey of India, emphasising the need for further exploration in urban environments.
Identification Process
The identification of Amolops shillong required advanced genetic tools due to its cryptic nature. The frog is visually similar to other species but genetically distinct. Phylogenetic analysis revealed its closest relative, Amolops siju, discovered in Siju Cave. The genetic divergence between the two species is between 2.0% and 3.4%.
Significance of Discovery
This discovery serves as a reminder that urban areas are not devoid of wildlife. It puts stress on the importance of protecting microhabitats within cities. The presence of Amolops shillong indicates that some urban ecosystems remain healthy and capable of supporting biodiversity.
Conservation Implications
The discovery marks the urgent need for conservation efforts in urban settings. As cities expand, preserving green spaces becomes crucial for maintaining biodiversity. The researchers stress that urban biodiversity often goes unnoticed but is vital for ecological health.
Biodiversity Hotspot
Northeast India is recognised as a biodiversity hotspot, with 20 known species of Amolops frogs. Sixteen of these species are documented within India, with nine discovered in the last two decades. This marks the region’s rich natural heritage and the potential for further discoveries.
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