Why Kerala is the First Stop of the Southwest Monsoon?
The summer heat in India often leads to anticipation for the monsoon season. Kerala, known as God’s Own Country, is the first state to experience the southwest monsoon. The arrival of the rains is crucial as it marks the transition from scorching summer to a cooler, wetter climate.
The Monsoon’s Journey
The southwest monsoon typically begins in June. Warm air rises over the Indian subcontinent. This creates a vacuum that pulls in moisture-laden winds from the Arabian Sea. These winds travel from the southwest, bringing heavy rain clouds. As the winds reach Kerala, they release their moisture, resulting in the first showers.
Geographical Importance of Kerala
Kerala’s strategic location on the southwest coast of India makes it the initial recipient of the monsoon rains. The Western Ghats, a mountain range running parallel to the coast, plays role. These mountains force the moisture-laden winds upwards. As the winds rise, they cool and condense, leading to rainfall. This geographical advantage results in early monsoon showers for Kerala.
Early Monsoon Arrival
In some years, the monsoon arrives earlier than the usual date of June 1. This phenomenon was noted recently, marking the earliest onset since 2009. Early rains provide welcome relief from the oppressive summer heat, surprising many weather observers.
The Monsoon’s Progress Across India
After Kerala, the southwest monsoon continues its journey across India. It gradually moves north and east, providing essential rainfall to various states. It takes about a month for the monsoon to cover the entire country, from coastal regions to mountainous areas.
Rainfall Records and Facts
Mawsynram in Meghalaya holds the record as the wettest place on Earth, receiving over 11,000 mm of rainfall annually. Conversely, Leh in Ladakh is the driest region in India, with annual rainfall sometimes falling below 100 mm. Kerala, during monsoon season, can receive over 300 cm of rain in some years.
Two Monsoon Seasons
India experiences two distinct monsoon seasons. The Southwest Monsoon occurs from June to September. The Northeast Monsoon follows from October to December, mainly affecting Tamil Nadu and parts of the eastern coast.
Cultural Significance of the Monsoon
The arrival of the monsoon is celebrated through various Indian festivals. Events like Onam, Teej, and Pongal are closely linked to the monsoon’s arrival or conclusion. These festivals show the cultural importance of the rains in Indian society.
Monitoring the Monsoon
The India Meteorological Department (IMD) monitors the progress of the monsoon. They provide regular updates on its arrival and movement. Many people across India follow these updates closely, akin to sports scores.
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