States PCS: Karnataka GK for KPSC and other Karnataka State Exams

Notes:
Seva Sindhu is Karnataka’s unified digital platform for citizen applications to major Guarantee schemes such as Gruha Lakshmi, Yuva Nidhi, and Gruha Jyothi. It integrates multiple government services into a single window. Bhoomi Portal manages land records. Kaveri Portal deals with land registration. Sakala Portal provides delivery of government services within stipulated time.

Notes:
Karnataka ranked 17th among Indian states in the Business Reforms Action Plan (BRAP) 2019 published by the DPIIT. The BRAP is an annual exercise measuring ease of doing business at the state level. Karnataka ranked 9th in 2015 and 8th in 2017 editions. The global Doing Business Report by the World Bank was discontinued after 2019. Karnataka is known for startup support and foreign direct investment but lacked updated Ease of Doing Business rankings beyond BRAP 2019 as of early 2026.

Notes:
Basavanna, Akka Mahadevi, and Allama Prabhu were central figures of the Sharana movement, using Vachanas to challenge caste and gender hierarchies. Madhvacharya was a proponent of the Dvaita school of Vedanta in the 13th century and was not part of the Lingayat movement.

Notes:
N. Lakshminarayan directed Naandi (1964), the first Kannada film associated with the “new wave” cinema movement. Naandi portrayed social realism and was the first Kannada film screened at an international film festival. The film departed from commercial film formulas of that time, marking a shift towards parallel cinema in Karnataka.

Notes:
Tala-maddale is a derivative of Yakshagana performed in Karnataka coastal districts and Malnad. It retains mythological plots and musical structure but excludes dance, costumes, and makeup. Performers sit in a circle and engage in verbal debates about specific episodes, focusing on logic and interpretation. Yakshagana features elaborate dance and costumes, while Tala-maddale is a “sitting” form emphasizing spoken word.

Notes:
John Faithful Fleet was a British civil servant and epigraphist known for his 1882 work, The Dynasties of the Kanarese Districts. This book is a seminal publication that reconstructs the political history of the Kannada-speaking regions using epigraphical evidence. It documents dynasties such as the Kadambas, Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, and Hoysalas within the Bombay Presidency territories. Fleet’s research marked the first systematic historical study based on inscriptions rather than legends, contributing significantly to Karnataka’s historiography.

Notes:
The Kurkyala Inscription, also known as the Gangadhara Inscription, is a 10th-century rock record from Karimnagar district, Telangana. It contains biographical details of Pampa, authored by his brother Jinavallabha, who built the Jain temple Tribhuvana Tilaka. This inscription is trilingual, written in Kannada, Sanskrit, and Telugu, and mentions Pampa’s ancestry and birthplace.

Notes:
The Vijayanagar Empire was founded in 1336 by the Sangama dynasty, which ruled until 1485. The Saluva dynasty followed from 1485 to 1505. The Tuluva dynasty ruled from 1505 to 1570, overseeing the empire’s peak under Krishnadevaraya. The Aravidu dynasty ruled from 1570 until the empire’s decline in the 17th century, shifting the capital from Hampi to Penukonda and later Chandragiri.

1. Sangama Dynasty (1336–1485): Founded by Harihara I and Bukka Raya I. This was the longest-ruling dynasty and established the empire’s foundation.
2. Saluva Dynasty (1485–1505): Founded by Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya after he overthrew the last Sangama ruler to save the empire from internal rebellion.
3. Tuluva Dynasty (1505–1570): Founded by Tuluva Narasa Nayaka. This era saw the empire reach its cultural and territorial zenith under Krishnadevaraya.
4. Aravidu Dynasty (1570–1646): Founded by Tirumala Deva Raya after the disastrous Battle of Talikota (1565). The capital was shifted from Hampi to Penukonda and later Chandragiri.

Notes:
Karnataka’s Maidan region consists of gently undulating plains and is characterized by senile topography, also known as the old stage or peneplain. This landscape formed after millions of years of erosion on stable Archean rocks. Senile topography represents a nearly flat or gently rolling terrain. Young stage topography features steep valleys not found across Karnataka. Karst topography occurs only in limited areas like the Yana rocks. Mature stage topography involves balanced erosion and deposition, which does not define the entire state.

Notes:
Dhondia Wagh was killed in the Battle of Conaghal on September 10, 1800. The British forces were led by Arthur Wellesley, who later became the Duke of Wellington. Wellesley led the cavalry charge that resulted in Dhondia Wagh’s death, ending the rebellion against the British East India Company in the Karnataka region.