Notes:
The Vairamudi festival is a grand occasion celebrated on the forth day of Brahmotsavam during the months of March-April. The deity of Cheluvanarayaswami is worshiped with a diamond studded crown which is known as Vairamudi crown on the day of Vairamudi festival.

Notes:
Ravikirti, the court poet of Pulakeshin II composed his eulogy in glorious terms which was written in the Aihole inscription. This inscription also eulogises the political campaigns of Pulakeshin II.

Notes:
In Karnataka there are 8 fishing harbours located at Mangalore, Malpe, Honnavar, Tadri, Karwar, Gangolli, Bhatkal and Amadalli. Along with these there are 16 other fish landing centres.

Notes:
Karnataka’s state run ‘Flying Training School’ was started in the year 1948 at Bengaluru with the aim to impart training to the youth in flying. This is the only state run flying training school in Karnataka.

Notes:
Battle of Pratapgad was fought in 1659. It was fought between the forces of Marathas who were under the leadership of King Shivaji Bhonsale I and the forces of Adilshahi who were under the leadership of Afzal khan.  Marathas defeated the forces of Adilshahi. Afzal khan was killed in the battle.
Afzal khan was a general who served the Adil Shahi dynasty of Bijapur Sultanate in India. He helped in the southern exapansion of Bijapur Sultanate  by defeating the Nayaka chiefs who were ruling over the former Vijayanagara territory.
Shivaji Bhonsale I was an Indian ruler and a member of the Bhonsale Maratha clan. He got the title Chhatrapati and later called as “Chhatrapati Shivaji”.

Notes:
Maghanandi Siddhanta was the spiritual adviser of Narasimha III. Narasimha III belonged to Hoysala empire. He ruled from 1263 to 1292. He faced invasions from Seuna who attacked his capital Halebidu. He was succeeded by his son Veera Ballala III. Narasimha III  worshiped Parshvanatha, the 23rd Jain Tirthankara.
His Spiritual adviser, Maghanandi Siddhanta was a Digambar monk of Balatkara Gana. Digambar monk is a monk in Digambar tradition who are also called Nirgranth. Nirgranth means “one without any bonds”.

Notes:
“Aihole” is located in Karnataka. It is a historic site of ancient and medieval era Buddhist, Hindu and Jain monuments. It is located around an eponymous small village surrounded by farmlands and sandstone hills.
Aihole is a major archaeological site featuring over one hundred and twenty stone and cave temples spread along the Malaprabha river valley, in Bagalakote district.
Aihole is referred to as Ayyavole and Aryapura in its inscriptions and Hindu texts from 4th to 12th century CE and Aivalli & Ahivolal in colonial British era archaeological reports.

Notes:
Kannada & Sanskrit languages were mostly used in the Hoysala literature. Hoysala Empire ruled from  1025 to 1343. The empire was established by Nripa Kama II. Hoysala empire came into political prominence during the rule of King Vishnuvardhana during the period 1108–1152. This empire declined gradually after its defeat by the Khalji dynasty invaders in 1311.
Kannada writings consisted of writings relating to the socio-religious developments of the Jain and Veerashaiva faiths.
Corpus of monastic Vaishnava literature relating to Dvaita (dualistic) philosophy was written by the renowned philosopher Madhvacharya in Sanskrit.

Notes:
The name Manipal comes from the Manipal Lake located in the Udupi district, Karnataka.

Notes:
Thottikallu falls located in the Bangalore urban district of Karnataka is also known as ‘SwarnaMukhi’ waterfalls.