New Garcinia Tree Species Discovered In Assam
The forests of Assam have yielded a new tree species belonging to the genus Garcinia. Named *Garcinia kusumae*, the species was identified during a survey in Baksa district. It honours Kusum Devi, mother of botanist Jatindra Sarma, recognising her support in his educational journey. This marks the fourth time Sarma has named a species after a family member, a unique record for an Indian botanist.
Discovery and Naming
*Garcinia kusumae* was found in Bamunbari, Baksa district, Assam. The specimen was collected following herbarium protocols including pressing and drying. Its distinct features prompted detailed study. The species is dioecious and evergreen, growing up to 18 metres tall. It flowers from February to April, with fruit ripening between May and June. The name honours Kusum Devi, reflecting personal and scientific significance.
Botanical Characteristics
The tree shows unique morphological traits. It has up to 15 staminate flowers per fascicle and fewer stamens per flower than related species, except *Garcinia assamica*. The berries produce blackish resinous exudations. Although similar to *Garcinia assamica*, *Garcinia cowa*, and *Garcinia succifolia*, these features distinguish it clearly. The species is endemic to northeast India’s tropical rainforests.
Cultural and Medicinal Uses
The fruit of *Garcinia kusumae* holds local importance. Its sun-dried pulp is used to prepare a sherbet with salt and sugar. This drink helps prevent heat stroke and relieves thirst during hot weather. The fruit is also cooked in fish curries. Traditionally, it is employed as a remedy for diabetes and dysentery. The seed aril is consumed raw with salt, chillies, and mustard oil, offering a sour and sweet flavour.
Genus Garcinia Overview
*Garcinia* is the largest genus in the family Clusiaceae. It includes 414 species of shrubs and trees. The genus is pan-tropically distributed, with diversity centres in Africa, Australasia, and Southeast Asia. Known for floral variety, these species thrive mostly in lowland tropical rainforests. Many have pharmacological potential. India hosts 33 species and seven varieties, with Assam alone accounting for 12 species and three varieties.
Significance of the Discovery
This new species enriches Assam’s botanical inventory. It marks the region’s biodiversity and the importance of continued botanical surveys. Naming the species after a family member underlines the personal dedication behind scientific endeavours. The discovery also opens avenues for further research on the genus’s medicinal properties and ecological roles.
| Related | |
|---|---|
