Giant New Fungus Species Discovered in Arunachal Pradesh

Researchers from the Botanical Survey of India discovered a remarkable new fungus species in Arunachal Pradesh’s forests. This fungus, named Bridgeoporus kanadii, is notable for its exceptionally large fruiting bodies. The largest measured over three metres in radius and could support the weight of a person. This discovery adds to the limited known species within the Bridgeoporus genus and marks the ecological importance of fungi in forest ecosystems.

Discovery and Naming

Bridgeoporus kanadii was found during a monsoon mushroom survey in northeast India. The fungus grew on old fir trees in clusters of about 40. It was named in honour of Indian mycologist Kanad Das for his contributions to macrofungi research. Although known locally, it was not harvested due to its inedibility and lack of economic value.

Physical Characteristics

The fungus features fruiting bodies that are unusually large. The biggest specimen had a radius exceeding three metres, much larger than its closest relative Bridgeoporus nobilissimus, which reaches up to 1.5 metres. The fruiting bodies are thick, firmly attached to tree trunks, and have distinct morphological features analysed by researchers.

Scientific Analysis

Researchers preserved samples for detailed study. They examined morphology including colour, shape, size, thickness, length, and width. DNA sequencing confirmed B. kanadii as a new species within Bridgeoporus. Previous species in this genus included B. nobilissimus in North America and B. sinensis in China, though the latter was later reassigned to another genus.

Ecological Role

Bridgeoporus fungi are wood-rotting species vital for forest health. They decompose dead wood by breaking down cellulose and lignin. This process recycles nutrients and carbon, supporting forest regeneration. Most B. kanadii specimens were found on dead fir trees, emphasising their role in nutrient cycling and forest ecosystem maintenance.

Importance of Fungi in Ecosystems

Fungi are often overlooked beyond their edibility or toxicity. However, they perform essential ecological functions. Without fungi, forests would accumulate undecomposed organic matter. Their ability to decompose complex plant materials is crucial for soil health and biodiversity. This discovery puts stress on the need to study fungi beyond economic uses.