1. Consider the following statements regarding the Black Sea Biosphere Reserve:
- It is situated in Ukraine, covering parts of Kherson and Mykolaiv Oblasts along the northern Black Sea coast.
- The Reserve is a member of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves.
- Its territory is listed under the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 2 and 3
[C] Only 1 and 3
[D] 1, 2 and 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 and 3]
Notes:
All three statements are correct. The Black Sea Biosphere Reserve is located in Ukraine’s Kherson and Mykolaiv regions. It was admitted to the World Network of Biosphere Reserves in December 1984 and is included in the Ramsar Convention’s international list, signifying its global ecological importance as a protected wetland habitat.
2. Consider the following statements:
- Ecotone has a low species richness.
- Ecocline can be easily identified by distinct change in soil gradient and soil composition between two communities.
- Edge effect refers to the changes in population or community structures that occur at the boundary of two habitats.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 1 and 3
[C] 1, 2 and 3
[D] Only 2 and 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Only 2 and 3]
Notes:
Statement 1 is incorrect: Ecotones typically have high species richness due to species from adjacent communities. Statement 2 is incorrect: Ecoclines display gradual environmental transitions, not abrupt or easily detectable changes. Statement 3 is correct: Edge effect refers to changes in species or community structures at habitat boundaries, often increasing biodiversity.
3. Which of the following countries have formed a group comprising heads of governments to fast-track the goal to reduce by a third premature deaths from non-communicable diseases (NCDs)?
- United States
- India
- Ghana
- Norway
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
[A] Only 1, 2 & 4
[B] Only 3 & 4
[C] Only 1, 2 & 3
[D] Only 1 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 3 & 4]
Notes:
The governments of Ghana and Norway have formed a group of heads of governments to accelerate the reduction of premature deaths from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) by one-third. The United States and India are not part of this initiative. The group’s first meeting is linked to strategies on diabetes, cancer, heart, and lung diseases.
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