Counterfeit Footwear Surge in Indian Market
The Indian market in 2025 faces a rising challenge from counterfeit footwear closely imitating global brands. Recently, Birkenstock, a German footwear company, filed a lawsuit in Delhi High Court against traders and manufacturers in Agra and Delhi. They were accused of producing sandals that mimic Birkenstock’s registered designs. The court responded with raids and seized large quantities of fake sandals. Temporary injunctions were issued to stop further production and sale. This case marks a broader issue of counterfeit goods in India’s informal and digital markets.
Birkenstock Lawsuit and Court Action
Birkenstock sandals are known for their cork footbeds and minimalist style. Their popularity surged after being featured in the 2023 film Barbie. The company’s legal action targeted traders selling sandals at a fraction of the official price. The Delhi High Court appointed commissioners to inspect premises in Agra and Delhi. Several consignments of counterfeit sandals were seized. The court barred the accused from making or selling products resembling Birkenstock’s designs until the next hearing in October 2025.
India’s Counterfeit Market Dynamics
India is a major hub for both manufacturing and consuming counterfeit fashion goods. Informal markets like Agra’s Sardar Bazaar and Delhi’s Palika Bazaar offer ‘first copy’ or ‘dupe’ products at low prices. Despite strong demand for branded goods, many consumers cannot afford originals. This price sensitivity fuels the counterfeit market. A 2022 OECD and EUIPO report named India among key origins of global counterfeit trade. CRISIL and ASPA studies revealed that 31% of Indian consumers knowingly buy fake products, especially in apparel and footwear.
Distribution Channels and Digital Influence
The informal retail sector in India is vast and efficient for distributing counterfeit goods. Street markets and small shops form a widespread network. The rise of e-commerce and social media platforms like Instagram and WhatsApp has expanded this reach. Sellers use terms like ‘AAA quality’ or ‘first copy’ to market products without directly infringing trademarks. Influencers often promote these goods, adding to their popularity despite legal restrictions.
Impact on Indian Artisans and Traditional Crafts
The counterfeit issue intersects with challenges faced by India’s artisan communities. Traditional craft centres such as Agra for leather and Kolhapur for sandals are exploited for producing lookalike products. While big brands like Birkenstock can afford legal battles, small artisan groups often struggle to protect their designs internationally. Cases like Prada’s use of Kolhapuri sandal designs without credit underline the vulnerability of Indian craftspeople.
Legal Framework and Enforcement Challenges
Indian law provides protection through the Trademarks Act, 1999, and the Designs Act, 2000. These laws enable brands to seek injunctions and seize counterfeit goods. However, enforcement is difficult due to the scale of informal markets and digital sales. Legal processes are lengthy and costly, often favouring large companies over small artisans. The current situation calls for stronger enforcement and awareness to curb counterfeit proliferation.
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