Bonnet Macaque Mass Sterilisation in Kerala
The Bonnet macaque, a notable primate in South India, faces population control measures in Kerala. The Kerala Forest Department plans to seek approval from the Union Ministry of Environment, Forests, and Climate Change to conduct sterilisation. This initiative aims to mitigate human-wildlife conflict, particularly crop damage reported by farmers near forest areas.
Background of the Bonnet Macaque
The Bonnet macaque is endemic to South India. It is commonly found in eco-tourism centres across Kerala. Farmers have raised concerns about crop destruction caused by these monkeys. Coconuts and various agricultural products are frequently targeted. The species is classified as “vulnerable” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), with population declines of up to 65% noted in some regions.
Mission Bonnet Macaque
The Kerala Forest Department has launched “Mission Bonnet Macaque.” This 10-point programme aims to address human-wildlife conflicts. Sterilisation is a key component of this mission. The plan involves sterilising specific troops and returning them to their natural habitats. Unlike wild pigs, which are culled, the monkeys will not be harmed. Instead, they will be sheltered temporarily for recovery post-surgery.
Implementation of Sterilisation
The sterilisation proposal requires permission from the Union Ministry due to the species’ protection under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act. Previous attempts at sterilisation have occurred, but this initiative seeks a more coordinated approach. The department plans to discourage the feeding of monkeys by visitors to prevent dependency on human food.
Challenges and Conservation Efforts
The Bonnet macaque faces several threats. These include hunting, habitat loss, and competition with Rhesus macaques. The decline in native avenue trees also impacts their survival. Conservation efforts must address these issues while balancing the needs of local communities. Waste management programmes at eco-tourism sites will be implemented to reduce food availability for the monkeys.
Future Prospects
The success of the sterilisation programme may influence similar initiatives for other wildlife species. Ongoing monitoring and research will be crucial to assess the effectiveness of these measures. Engaging local communities in conservation efforts will be essential for long-term sustainability.
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