Zyeth Atham
Zyeth Atham, also known as Jyeshtha Ashtami, is celebration for the Kashmiri Pandit community. Observed on the eighth day of Shukla Paksha in the month of Jyeshtha, it typically falls in early June. This festival centres around the veneration of Goddess Kheer Bhawani, revered as a family deity. The main rituals occur at the Kheer Bhawani temple in Tulmulla, Jammu and Kashmir.
Significance of Kheer Bhawani
Goddess Kheer Bhawani is an incarnation of Mata Durga. She is deeply cherished by the Kashmiri Pandit community, who regard her as their Kuldevi. The temple in Tulmulla is not only a spiritual hub but also a historical site, mentioned in ancient texts such as Kalhana’s *Rajatarangini*. The temple is surrounded by chinar trees and built over a sacred spring, which is integral to the festival.
The Sacred Spring
The temple features a hexagonal spring that changes colour, reflecting the fortunes of the Valley. Light hues like blue and green signify prosperity, while dark shades indicate impending turmoil. This phenomenon has been observed for generations, linking the community’s fate to the spring’s waters.
Rituals and Celebrations
During Zyeth Atham, devotees engage in various rituals. These include performing hawan (a fire ritual) and offering traditional prasad such as kheer, made from rice and milk. Participants scatter flowers and aromatic leaves into the spring. The festival serves as a reunion for the Kashmiri Pandit diaspora, reinforcing their cultural identity and faith.
Legends Associated with the Goddess
Several legends surround Goddess Kheer Bhawani. One story recounts her migration from Lanka to Kashmir, aided by Lord Hanuman. Another tale speaks of a Brahman who discovered the spring through divine guidance. These legends enhance the spiritual significance of the temple and its rituals.
Historical Context
The current marble structure of the Kheer Bhawani temple was built by Maharaja Pratap Singh in the early 20th century and later renovated by Maharaja Hari Singh. Historical accounts, such as those by Walter Lawrence, highlight the temple’s prominence in Kashmir. The temple has long been a focal point for the Kashmiri Pandit community, especially during times of crisis.
Community Resilience
The annual mela at Kheer Bhawani Temple attracts thousands of devotees, symbolising resilience and faith. The gathering serves as a poignant reminder of the community’s enduring spirit, especially in light of historical challenges.
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