Rainfall Decline in Meghalaya’s Sohra
Meghalaya’s Sohra, also called Cherrapunji, known as the wettest place on Earth, has experienced a drastic drop in rainfall in 2025. June recorded only about one-third of last year’s rainfall. This sharp decline marks the growing impact of climate change on regional weather patterns.
Recent Rainfall Trends
Recently, Sohra received 1,095.4 mm of rainfall compared to 3,041.2 mm in June 2024. May also showed a shortfall of around 400 mm. This represents one of the steepest year-on-year declines in the region’s rainfall. Over the past 15 years, the average annual rainfall has dropped to 8,000-9,000 mm from a normal average of 11,000 mm.
Historical Rainfall Context
Sohra’s rainfall has fallen far below historic levels. In the 1970s, the town often recorded nearly double the current averages. The world record of 24,555 mm rainfall in 1974 remains unmatched. Today’s annual rainfall is about a third of that record, marking shift in the local climate.
Causes Behind the Decline
Experts cite multiple causes for the rainfall decline. Shifting monsoon patterns have altered precipitation cycles. Deforestation reduces moisture retention and rainfall generation. Rising sea surface temperatures influence monsoon intensity. Urbanisation increases water demand and disrupts natural water cycles.
Impact on Water Resources
Despite its heavy rain reputation, Sohra now faces water shortages, especially in dry months. Villagers rely on fragile springs. Some areas depend on water tankers to meet basic needs. The growing population—over 70,000 from 7,000 in 1961—and rising tourism pressure water resources further.
Environmental Concerns and Conservation Efforts
Local activists warn of an ecological crisis if trends continue. Conservationists call for urgent reforestation, watershed protection, and stricter construction controls. These measures aim to restore ecological balance and secure water availability for future generations.
Official Response and Monitoring
Authorities continue to monitor monsoon patterns closely. They acknowledge the alarming rainfall decline but face challenges in reversing the trend. The situation raises questions about the sustainability of Sohra’s environment and its ability to support its population.
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